A level Physical Geography: Coasts Part 1

Occurs after weathering. Rocks fall to the cliff base and forms scree

When top soil thaws in the summer, saturated soil below flows over the subsoil and rock

The general characteristics of the rocks in a particular area

When erosional processes are selective and erode weaker areas of cliff quicker than others

A combination of lithology and structure affecting the rate of process

Saturated soil and rock flows downhill under gravity

The balance between sediment added to, and removed from the coastal system

Waves force air to be trapped in cracks within the cliff profile. Constant pressure causes the rock to crack and break apart

Energy and matter can enter and leave the system

Coast that has been inundated by the sea

Type of rock formed only under pressure with moderate to fast erosion rates

Very slow downhill movement of individual particles

The movement of material along a coast by waves approaching the beach at an angle

Where inputs = outputs

Downward folds in rock strata

Cliffs with different layers of rock, possibly formed from different time periods

Dissolved minerals are carried by the sea

Type of rock formed under pressure and heat with slow ersosion rates

The movement of weathered material down a slope as a result of gravity

Formed under pressure duting tectonic activity, making rocks buckle and crumble

Formed when pressure exceeds the rocks internal strength causing it to fracture

Large boulders and pebbles are rolled along the sea bed

Word meaning 'over time'

Gradual breakdown of rock at, or close to the ground surface

Caused by contraction when sediment dries out

Small stones, pebbles and silt bounce along the sea bed

Physical features of rocks, usually formed through tectonic activity

The cross sectional shape of a coastline

Natural breaks in strata caused by gaps in time during rock formation

Saturated rock and sediment 'slumps' downwards under rotational movement

A view showing the layout of a landscape from above

When cliff profiles are composed of alkaline rocks, weak acids in seawater can dissolve them

Pebbles and sand are consistently thrown at the base of the cliff

Upward folds in rock strata

As pieces of rock material are transported by waves, rock particles are worn down

Fine materials such as clay and sediment are carried by the sea

The shape and form of coastal landscapes and their features

Energy and matter cannot enter or leave the system

Coast that has been exposed by the sea due to a relative fall in sea level

Type of rock formed under pressure with very slow erosion rates

The angle at which the rock strata lies

Layers of rock