A level Physical Geography: Coasts Part 2

Large rocks placed at the foot of a cliff creating a permeable barrier to the sea

Addition of sand or pebbles to an existing beach to make it higher or wider

Curved, concrete walls to reflect waves back into the sea

A project that has social, economic and environmental benefits and lasts for a significant amount if time

Occurs when erosion gets behind coastal defences leading to rapid coastal erosion inland and undermining of defences

Sloping structures placed at the foot of a cliff that breaks the waves energy

Drowned river valley caused by sea level rise

Timber or rock structures built at right angles to the coast

Partially submerged rock barriers, designed to break up waves before they reach the coast

Flooded U-shaped valley

Sea level fall

When sea level itself rises or falls

ICZM; Complete sections of coasts are managed as a whole

Allows nature to 'take its course', eroding cliffs and land deemed invaluable

Marram grass planted to reinforce dunes

Short term change in sea level caused by low air pressure

SMP; Involves making decisions about how coastal erosion and flooding should be managed along the whole coastal system

Maintaining the current position of the coastline

When land rises or falls, relative to the sea

Sea level rise

Involves building defences out to sea, effectively creating new land

Glacial deposition

Flooded valleys parallel to the coast