Plant structure/function exam 1 - Statistics

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General Stats

This quiz has been taken 45 times
The average score is 10 of 67

Answer Stats

Hint	Answer	% Correct
Storage, turgidity of cells	Vacuole	82%
Changes in DNA	Mutation	64%
"Founder" of genetics, studied peas	Mendel	55%
Move photosynthate from leaves to the roots/flowers/seeds, still alive at maturity, sieve tube elements in angiosperms, sieve cells in gymnosperms	Phloem	45%
Appearance, Geonotype+epigenetic instructions+environment	Phenotype	36%
Moves water/nutrients in bulk, die when maturity is reached, contain tracheid and vessel elements	Xylem	36%
Photosynthetic production center, thylakoid membrane	Chloroplasts	27%
Adventitious roots that grow from the stem after the plants have developed beyond embryo development	Crown roots	27%
Outer layer "skin" of plants, including root hairs/trichomes/stomata guard cells	Dermal tissue	27%
Alleles determine	Genotype	27%
If two genes are located close together on a chromosome, the won't segregate independently	Linkage	27%
Place of respiration, ATP production	Mitochondria	27%
First cell of cell wall, usually less than a micrometer thick	Primary cell wall	27%
Increase of width/diameter of shoots/roots	Secondary growth	27%
Step one of central dogma, where RNA polymerase finds the gene which needs to be expressed and copies it	Transcription	27%
Repetitive elements that can move or duplicate independently	Transposons	27%
First genetically engineered plant	Agrobacterium Tumefaciens	18%
Transcription factor required to inhibit bud outgrowth	Branched1	18%
Main structural backbone or cell walls, composed of microfibrils that make microfibrils that make fibers, deposition of this determines cell expansion	Cellulose	18%
Cambial layer that produces protective peristem	Cork Cambium	18%
Folded/stacked membranes, deliver essential nutrients around the cell	Endoplasmic Reticulum	18%
Connecting matter of cellulose, made of matrix polysaccharides, made in Golgi apparatus	Hemicellulose	18%
Removes introns from genomic DNA strand	mRNA	18%
Stores most genetic information, surrounded by nuclear envelope, dotted with nuclear pores (channels that are made up of nucleoporin proteins), contain chromosomes	Nucleus	18%
Pollen develops in anther, eggs develop in ovule, pollen moves to stigma, pollen tubes transfer pollen towards eggs, nuclei of pollen meets egg	Perfect flower pollination/fertilization	18%
Fluid mosaic model, lipid-protein structure, holds cell together by regulating inside and outside conditions, Hydrophilic heads, hydrophobic tails	Plasma membrane	18%
Allows movement from cell to cell	Plasmodesmata	18%
Make sure everything works together in central dogma	Ribosomes	18%
Root growth region	Root apical meristem	18%
Plastids (Chloroplasts, chromoplasts, leucoplasts, amyloplasts), mitochondria	Semiautonomous organelles	18%
Xylem/Phloem	Vascular tissue	18%
Secondary growth from meristematic tissue	Cambium	9%
Connect adjacent cells, acts as exoskeleton, determines plant shape, acts as a diffusion barrier, provide anchor point for sensory proteins, act as a barrier for pathogens/parasites/herbivores, provide strength for xylem, made from cellulose, pectin, and hemicellulose	Cell wall	9%
Entire segments are affected, from translocation/deletion/inversion/substitution	Chromosome-level mutation	9%
Made from DNA and associated proteins	Chromosomes	9%
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, can create a "memory" of a piece of DNA and direct its sequence-specific degradation	CRISPR	9%
Wound around histones to form nucleosomes	DNA	9%
Living cells within thin primary walls, can keep dividing, crucial for regeneration/wound recovery, totipotency	Ground tissue	9%
Cements individual cells together	Middle lamella	9%
Main abundant component of cell walls	Pectin	9%
Chloroplasts, chromoplasts, leucoplasts, amyloplasts	Plastids	9%
Phase of plant development that results in new organs	Primary growth	9%
Mendel principle, Individuals carry pairs of genes that separate during meiosis	Principle of Segregation	9%
Determines the geometric arrangement of individual roots within the root system	Root system architecture	9%
Thicker, stronger, and more fortified than primary cell walls (Made from different compounds)	Secondary cell wall	9%
Cambial layer that produces wood within vascular tissue	Vascular cambium	9%
Growth habit described by a weakly-branched plant, with a strong branching response to decapitation	Apical dominance	0%
Adjacent to the transcription unit	Cis-acting control elements	0%
Composed of microtubules and microfilaments	Cytoskeleton	0%
ER, Nuclear envelope, Golgi apparatus, vacuole, endosomes	Endomembrane systems	0%
Configuration of the genomic DNA to allow or block access to original template	Epigenetic control	0%
One or few nucleotides are changed, from insertion/deletion/inversion/substitution	Gene-level mutation	0%
Mendel principle, traits inherited from one gene are inherited differently from traits from other genes	Independent assortment	0%
Points/localized regions of continuous cell divisions that enable growth in post-embryonic development	Meristems	0%
Made from actin	Microfilaments	0%
Grow by growing and shrinking of cells	Microtubules	0%
Basic module of a plant, consisting of an internode, node, leaf, and auxiliary meristem	Phytomers	0%
Control of mRNA stability, translation efficiency and degradation	Posttranscriptional regulation	0%
Result of plant growth	Primary plant body	0%
Determines activity/efficiency of the product	Protein stability	0%
Adventitious roots that branch from the hypocotyl	Seminal roots	0%
Top growth region, behind the leaf primordium	Shoot apical meristem	0%
Precise gene replacement, base editing	Targeted modifications	0%
Encode transcription factors/proteins encoded elsewhere in the genome	Trans-acting factors	0%
Control of transcription initiation, maintenance of transcription, and termination	Transcriptional regulation	0%
Each individual part of the gene sequence that is being added	tRNA	0%
Sends gene/product to where it's needed	Vesicles	0%

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