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Soil and Water Management
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Last updated: December 16, 2025
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| First submitted | December 16, 2025 |
| Times taken | 6 |
| Average score | 78.0% | Report this quiz | Report |
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1. Which of the following favors increased soil microbial activity?
Decrease in soil water content from 30 to 10 percent of water holding capacity
Increase in soil water content from 20 to 40 percent of water holding capacity
Temperature decrease from 35°C to 25°C
Temperature increase from 35°C to 50°C
2. Which of the below is an example of sub-surface drainage?
Precision leveling
Grassed Waterway
Interceptor Drain
Dirtch
3. The amount of soil that can be lost by erosion, while crop production is maintained economically for the long term is _____.
Soil loss tolerance
Soil erosion potential
Soil maximum erosion limit
Soil economic threshold
4. If a septic system is being planned for a housing subdivision, a __ order soil survey is needed.
4th
2nd
1st
3rd
5. Ten ppm of NO3- (mw is 62) is ____.
10 mg/L
All of the above
0.16 meq/L
10 ppm
6. Which of the following is a kind of wind erosion that forms dust storms?
Surface Creep
Incursion
Saltation
Suspension
7. Which of the following increases as a soil's clay content increases?
Bulk Density
Surface area
Particle Size
Pore Size
8. Leaching is most impacted by _____.
Depth to restrictive layers
Crop planted
Land leveling
Soil temperature
9. Well water contamination from surface water can be prevented by using a ____.
Submersible pump
Anti-backsiphoning device
Casing
PVC valve
10. In a typical row crop production system, most of the soil organic matter originates from _______.
Organic Wastes
Green Manures
Crop Residues
Earthworms
11. Maximum plant available water is _____ minus ____.
Permanent wilting point, field capacity
Gravitational water, field capacity
Field capacity, permanent wilting point
Field capacity, gravitational water
12. Soil organic matter is a source of ____ for crops.
Iron
Calcium
Potassium
Nitrogen
13. A _____ is specifically designed to improve ground water quality before ground water can move to a stream.
Buffer strip
Channelization
Tree planting
Filter strip
14. Excessive soil moisture generally ____ nutrient uptake.
Does not change
Increases only N
Increases
Decreases
15. Soil _____ has little effect on sulfate movement.
pH
Structure
Texture
Organic matter
16. Which of the following is negatively charged?
AEC
Anion
Cation
Hyperion
17. Which of the following pollutants is in water is not generally attributed to agriculture?
Nitrate
Pesticides
Phosphorus
Mercury
18. Which of the following soil textures has the greatest % porosity?
Sand
Loam
Silt Loam
Clay
19. When crop residues are removed from a field, soil _____ increases.
Fertility
Erosion
Organic matter
Nutrient retention
20. Seedling emergence is hindered by _____.
Surface crusting
Warm weather
Deep water tables
Plow pans
21. Soil erosion potential is highest in which of the following?
Mulch-till
Clean-till
No-till
Strip-till
22. Poorly drained soils that are wet most of the year are often __ _
Pink
Grey
Red
Brown
23. Which kind of soil structure would be typical for a good seed bed?
Massive
Granular
Blocky
Platy
24. Which of the following NO3- concentrations would be considered hazardous to an infant?
44 mg/L
34 mg/L
10 mg/L
40 mg/L
25. The irrigation method where water is applied at low volume is _____.
Flood
Furrow
Drip
Sprinkler
26. Which of the following must exist for ET to occur?
High temperature
Relative humidity gradient
Wind
Sun spots
27. Which of the soil textures listed below has the highest porosity and lowest bulk density?
Loamy Sand
Sandy Loam
Clay
Silt Loam
28. Potassium fixation occurs when which of the following clays is present in soil?
Monmorillonite
Illite
Kaolinite
Humite
29. ____ are raised soil areas used to improve drainage.
Beds
Levees
Open ditches
Furrows
30. If a field has an 11 foot change in elevation over a distance of 1000 feet, the slope is _____%.
1.1
0.11
11
0.011
31. Which of the following factors does not affect wind erosion?
Vegetation
Soil texture
Slope length
Surface roughness
32. The bulk density of 100 cm³ of dry soil that weighs 145 g is ____ g/cm³.
4.5
1.45
0.7
2.45
33. A horizon that contains illuviated clay is the _____ horizon
O
B
C
A
34. Which kind of erosion removes a thin layer of soil?
Rill
Splash
Sheet
Gully
35. Soil microorganisms cause ______ in soil structure when crop residues are added to soil.
Minor Changes
No changes
Decreases
Increases
36. What is the textural class of soil that is 10 percent clay and 35 percent sand?
Sandy Loam
Silt Loam
Loamy Sand
Sand
37. If a soil has an EC of 0.6 siemens per meter and contains 20 percent sodium on the CEC, it is a ____ soil.
Saline
Sodic
Acid
Saline-Sodic
38. Good structure in the subsoil improves _____.
Root elongation
Anaerobioses
Water table development
Germination
39. Phosphorus transport from a field can be reduced by ____.
Clean tillage
Applying 13-13-13
Buffer strip
Burning crop residues
40. Maintaining crop residues on the surface and _____ reduce surface compaction.
Light tillage
Irrigation
Heavy tillage
N fertilizer
41. Which of the following is most important in carbon sequestration?
Good fertility
Reducing tillage
Land leveling
Proper irrigation
42. Knowing the drainage class of soil is helpful when building a __ _
Pond
All of the above
Road
Wetland
43. In order to increase soil organic matter levels, ______ must be markedly reduced or eliminated.
Use of legumes
Weed Control
Fertilization
Tillage
44. Subsurface compaction from tillage usually starts ____.
At the depth of tillage
Above the depth of tillage
At the soil surface
Well below the depth of tillage
45. Which of the following has the greatest impact on infiltration?
Runoff
Tile drains
Surface soil texture
Evapotranspiration
46. The stable form of soil organic matter is called ______.
Pumice
Humus
Fulvic Acid
Illite
47. When organic materials decompose, most of the C ends up as ____.
Microbial Cells
O₂
CO₂
Humus
48. Water moving horizontally in a soil is called _____ flow.
Over
Lateral
Preferential
Inter
49. What is the percent crop residue cover if the average number ofresidue intersections is 20 at 6 inch increments over 50 feet?
10
40
20
15
50. Limited soil moisture generally _____ nutrient uptake.
Increases only N
Does not change
Decreases
Increases
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