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The average number of years a person can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions.
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Life Expectancy
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Money that migrants send back to their family and friends in their home countries.
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Remittances
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The number of deaths per year for every 1000 people.
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Crude Death Rate (CDR)
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Policies aimed to decrease the fertility rate of a given place.
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Antinatalist Policies
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A measure of the number of babies who die before their first birthday for every 1000 births.
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Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
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Barriers that make it difficult for migrants to reach their desired destination.
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Intervening Obstacle
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Negative circumstances, events, or conditions present where someone live that make them want to leave.
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Push Factor
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Migration in which individuals follow the migratory path of preceding friends or family members to an existing community.
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Chain Migration
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The difference between the crude birth rate and crude death rate; a statistic that estimates the population growth of a country, not including population lost or gained due to migration.
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Natural Increase Rate (NIR)
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The number of people who live in a defined area.
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Population Density
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A person with temporary permission to immigrate and work in another country.
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Guest Worker
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A slowdown of births to a rate below the replacement level, which sometimes occurs during times of conflict, economic downturn, or due to cultural shifts.
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Birth Deficit
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The number of live births per year for every 1000 people.
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Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
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A factor that causes a migrant to choose a different destination than the one they had intended when starting their journey.
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Intervening Opportunity
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The largest number of people that the environment of a particular area can support.
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Carrying Capacity
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Someone forced to migrate for similar reasons as a refugee but who does not move across an international border.
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Internally Displaced Persons (IDP)
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A spike in birth rates once baby boomers have reached childbearing age.
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Baby Echo
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A set of antinatalist policies in place in China from 1999 to 2015 that incentivized families to have only one child, using social and economic benefits.
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One Child Policy
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The permanent or semipermanent movement of individuals within a country.
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Internal Migration
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A model of the predictable stages in disease and life expectancy that countries experience as they develop.
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Epidemiological Transition Model (ETM)
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Policies aimed to increase the fertility rate of a given area.
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Pronatalist Policies
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A spike in birth rates, typically occurring after a period of conflict.
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Baby Boom
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The average number of children born per woman (aged 15-49).
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Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
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Migration done by choice, often to obtain a better quality of life.
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Voluntary Migration
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The pattern of where people live.
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Population Distribution
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The permanent or semipermanent relocation of people from one place to another.
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Migration
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A limit on the number of people who can immigrate to a country from a particular place during a particular period of time.
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Immigration Quota
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A type of migration where people do not choose to relocate, but so do under threat of violence (war, persecution, slavery, etc.).
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Forced Migration
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Seasonal migration that pastoral herders make with their animals.
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Transhumance
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Laws that explain the relationship between the distance and volume of migration between a source and destination.
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Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration
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The end of a baby boom, lasting until boomers reach childbearing age.
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Baby Bust
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The large-scale emigration of highly educated or skilled workers from a place, usually to seek better living and professional opportunities abroad.
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Brain Drain
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People who have adopted Malthus’ ideas to fit modern conditions and believe that overpopulation is a serious problem and threat to the future.
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Neo-Malthusians
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The percentage of people within a population who are too young or too old to work and must rely on working adults for support.
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Dependency Ratio
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Someone who migrates to another country in hopes of being recognized as a refugee.
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Asylum Seeker
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A model that explains the five stages of population change that countries pass through as they modernize, from high stationary to declining.
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Demographic Transition Model (DTM)
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The permanent or semipermanent movement of individuals between countries.
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Transnational Migration
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An age-sex composition graph that can provide information on birth rates, death rates, life expectancy, economic development, migration, and past events like natural disasters, war, etc.
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Population Pyramid
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A measurement of how long a country will take to double its population based on its Natural Increase Rate.
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Doubling Time
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A person forced to migrate to another country to avoid the effects of armed conflict, violence, violation of human rights, or other disasters, and cannot return to their home country.
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Refugee
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A process in which people reach their eventual destination through a series of smaller moves.
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Step Migration
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A survey that counts the population of a state, nation, or other geographic region.
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Census
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The theory that society is on the path to mass starvation, as population increases faster than food production capabilities. Malthus recommended that people limit the number of children they had in order to not exhaust the Earth's resources. |
Malthusian Theory
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Positive conditions and circumstances that draw people to choose a migration destination.
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Pull Factor
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