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20th Century Former Capitals - Part 1

Have you kept track of how capitals have changed and will change over time? Only one way to find out! Examples of former capitals would include: Capitals of a dissolved country/entity, a capital moving, military occupation changing a government's location temporarily, etc.
For fun, I included national flags that no longer exist!
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Quiz by
TheBlueElephant
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Last updated: December 4, 2025
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First submittedDecember 4, 2025
Times taken13
Average score28.8%
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Time Period
Country
Modern Day Country
Former Capital
1727-1912
Alaouite Dynasty
Morocco
Fez
1949-1951
image
Emirate of Cyrenaica
Libya
Benghazi
1963-1969
Kingdom of Libya
Al Bayda
1918-1922
Tripolitania Republic
ʽAziziya
1975-1976;
1979-2002
PDR of Angola
Angola
Jamba
c. 1700-1903
Bailundo
Bailundo
1975-1976
image
Republic of Cabinda
Cabinda
1886-1908;
1908-1926
image
Congo Free State;
Belgian Congo
DR Congo
Boma
1964-1965
PR Congo
Stanleyville
1960-1963
image
State of Katanga
Élisabethville
1483-1915
image
Kingdom of Kongo
Angola
São Salvador
c. 1500-1917
image
Mbunda Kingdom
Lumbala N'guimbo
1960-1962
South Kasai
DR Congo
Bakwanga
1856-1964
image
Sultanate of Zanzibar
Tanzania
Zanzibar City
1964-1964
image
PR Zanzibar
1961-1964
image
Tanganyika
Dar es Salaam
1964-1996
Tanzania
1894-1962
image
Protectorate of Uganda
Uganda
Entebbe
1893-1907
image
British Central Africa
Protectorate
Malawi
Zomba
1907-1953
image
Nyasaland Protectorate
1964-1975
Malawi
1899-1911
image
North-Eastern Rhodesia
Zambia
Fort Jameson
1899-1907
image
North-Western Rhodesia
Kalomo
1907-1911
North-Western
Rhodesia
Livingstone
1911-1935
image
Northern Rhodesia
1893-1900
Ivory Coast (France)
Ivory Coast
Grand-Bassam
1900-1933
Bingerville
1933-1983
Abidjan
1879-1941
Portuguese Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Bolama
1973-1974
Guinea-Bissau
Boe
1914-1960
image
Colonial Nigeria
Nigeria
Lagos
1960-1991
Federation of Nigeria
1043-1911
Kingdom of Nri
Igbo-Ukwu
1917-1920
image
Alash Autonomy
Kazakhstan
Semey
1936-1991
image
Kazakh SSR
Alma-ata
1785-1920
image
Emirate of Bukhara
Uzbekistan
Bukhara
1920-1924
image
Bukharan SSR
1511-1920
image
Khanate of Khiva
Khiva
1925-1930
image
Uzbek SSR
Samarkand
1991-1993
Kazakhstan
Alma-ata
1993-1998
Almaty
1991-1991
image
Islamic Emirate of Kunar
Afghanistan
Asadabad
1918-1920
White Movement
Russia
Omsk
1928-1937;
1945-1949
Republic of China
China
Nanjing
1937-1945
Chongqing
1931-1934
image
Chinese Soviet Republic
Ruijin
1948-1972
North Korea
South Korea
Seoul
1800-1945
Dutch East Indies
Indonesia
Batavia
1948-1949
Indonesia (Dutch Occupation)
Bukittinggi
1946-1948;
1948-1949
Indonesia
Yogyakarta
1949-1975
image
Kingdom of Laos
Laos
Luang Prabang
1949-1975
Vientiane
1713-1946
image
Champasak Kingdom
Champasak
1885-1989
Burma
Myanmar
Rangoon
1943-1945
Second Philippine Republic
Philippines
Manila
1934-1941
image
Commonwealth of the
Philippines
1764-1901
image
Spanish East Indies
1946-1976
Philippines
Baguio
1948-1976
Quezon City
1802-1945;
1945-1945
image
Đại Nam (Nguyễn dynasty);
Empire of Vietnam
Vietnam
Phú Xuân
1874-1955
image
Đại Nam (Nguyễn dynasty)
Huế
1887-1901
French Indochina
Saigon
1902-1953
Vietnam
Hanoi
1949-1955;
1954-1975
image
State of Vietnam;
South Vietnam
Saigon
1954-1976
North Vietnam
Hanoi
1962-1971
Pakistan (legislative)
Bangladesh
Dacca
1971-1972
image
Provisional Government
of Bangladesh
Mujibnagar
1772-1911
British Raj
India
Calcutta
1911-1931
Delhi
1931-1947
New Delhi
fl. 1850 1947
British Raj (Summer Capital)
Simla
1524-1947
Kingdom of Mysore
India
Mysore
1795-1947
image
Kingdom of Travancore
Trivandrum
1769-1948
image
Hyderabad State
Hyderabad
1947-1959
Pakistan
Karachi
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