Comp CCs: Urology

Comprehensive core conditions for urology.

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Last updated: January 19, 2025

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Hint	Answer
Elevated LDH is a marker of tissue ____	damage
Prostate cancer can/cannot be diagnosed on biochemistry (i.e. PSA levels) alone	cannot
Prostate cancer can cause bone pain, true or false?	True
What is the surgical management for benign prostatic enlargement?	TURP (transurethral resection of the prostate)
Pts with benign prostatic hyperplasia may be treated with ____ blockers e.g. tamsulosin	alpha
What is the surgical management of bladder cancer (if non-muscle invasive, i.e. T1)?	TURBT (transurethral removal of bladder tumour)
If a testis is nonviable, _____ is performed	orchidectomy
What is the surgical management for prostate cancer?	Prostatectomy
Which condition is the most common urological emergency?	Acute urinary retention
Management for pts with locally advanced prostate cancer may include androgen ___ therapy	deprivation
Prostate cancer usually arises in the ____ zone of the prostate, and thus the mass is palpable during a digital rectal examination	peripheral
Blood tests/tumour markers for testicular cancer include hCG, ___ and AFP	LDH (lactate dehydrogenase)
The ___ score is used to grade prostate cancer	Gleason
Histologically, 95% of prostate cancers are ____carcinomas	adeno
If testicular torsion is diagnosed and detorsion is performed, a bilateral _____ is also performed to prevent recurrence	orchidopexy

Hint	Answer
Testicular cancer normally causes inguinal lymphadenopathy, true or false?	False
Blood tests/tumour markers for testicular cancer include ___, LDH and AFP	hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)
What is the management for acute urinary retention?	Immediate urethral catheterisation
What is the first-line imaging investigation for suspected testicular cancer?	Bilateral testis ultrasound
Which relevant reflex is absent in a pt with testicular torsion?	Cremateric
What is the most common cancer in men?	Prostate
Cystectomy is used to manage bladder cancer which is ____ invasive	muscle
The surgical management of testicular cancer includes inguinal exploration and ___	orchidectomy
_____ is a type of internal radiotherapy used to treat prostate cancer. It involves the insertion of radioactive seeds into the prostate.	Brachytherapy
Frank haematuria in a pt >45 (w/ no UTI) is ____ cancer until proven otherwise	bladder
A bladder scan is abnormal if more than ___ml of urine is present in the bladder	500
Benign prostatic enlargement may cause difficulty with starting to urinate. This is called ____	hesitancy
Is chronic urinary retention painful or non-painful?	Non-painful
Is the tumour marker AFP more specific to seminomatous or non-seminomatous testicular cancer?	Non-seminomatous
Diagnosis of bladder cancer is made on ____ (investigation) and biopsy	(blue light) cystoscopy