|
What mechanism must hosting service providers implement for illegal content?
|
Notice
|
|
Takedown
|
|
What are platforms required to notify law enforcement about under Art.18 DSA?
|
Criminal acts
|
|
Who must conduct a risk assessment of systemic risks?
|
Very Large Online Platforms
|
|
Very Large Online Search Engines
|
|
What dark pattern practice is prohibited under the DSA?
|
Termination harder than subscription
|
|
What transparency must be provided for online advertising?
|
If ad
|
|
What must recommender systems disclose?
|
Main parameters
|
|
Non-profiling
|
|
Two types of regulation?
|
Top-down
|
|
None
|
|
What market problem was described by "The Market for Lemons"?
|
Information asymmetry
|
|
Since when has telecom market liberalisation started in the EU?
|
1998
|
|
What principle in the E-commerce Directive ensures a Member State cannot impose restrictions on ISS providers from another MS?
|
Country of origin principle
|
|
Smart Contracts
|
|
Who coined the term "smart contract"?
|
Nick Szabo
|
|
What is a smart contract?
|
Computerised protocol that executes contracts
|
|
Are smart contracts legally contracts themselves?
|
No
|
|
Examples of smart contracts
|
Vending machines
|
|
E-scooters
|
|
App stores
|
|
Which blockchain network are smart contracts commonly based on?
|
Ethereum
|
|
What is absent in smart contracts?
|
Human intervention
|
|
Benefits of computers executing contracts?
|
More deterministic
|
|
Risks
|
Bugs
|
|
Compliance issues
|
|
Unintended consequences
|
|
Hacks
|
|
What regulation gave EU first definition of smart contract?
|
Data Act
|
|
What article outlines requirements of smart contracts
|
Art. 36
|
|
What are these?
|
Protect data
|
|
Authorisation before access
|
|
Compliance
|
|
What economic theory justifies lack of regulation in innovation markets?
|
Creative destruction
|
|
Artificial Intelligence
|
|
What test evaluates a machine's ability to exhibit human-like intelligence?
|
Turing test
|
|
What type of learning involves machines being taught new functions without being explicitly programmed?
|
Deep learning
|
|
What kind of learning uses human-labeled input and output to teach machines?
|
Supervised learning
|
|
What learning method allows machines to detect patterns without labeled outputs?
|
Unsupervised learning
|
|
What learning method rewards correct decisions in dynamic environments?
|
Reinforcement learning
|
|
What type of network is used to model probability calculations in AI?
|
Neural networks
|
|
What phrase describes the replication of bias in AI due to poor training data?
|
Garbage in, garbage out
|
|
Which human values may be undermined by predictive AI?
|
Freedom
|
|
Autonomy
|
|
What category of products includes drones, ships, and planes in AI risk assessment?
|
High risk
|
|
What term is used for widely applicable AI systems with high impact?
|
General purpose
|
|
Prohibited uses
|
Biometric identification (real time)
|
|
Social scoring
|
|
Emotional inference
|
|
Key Terms
|
|
A service that stores third-party content (e.g. websites or user uploads), where the provider may benefit from limited liability unless notified of illegal content.
|
Hosting
|
|
An intermediary that transmits information without modifying it, such as ISPs, with limited liability for the content transmitted.
|
Mere conduit
|
|
Temporary storage of online data by an intermediary to improve system performance and speed up access for users, often protected by safe harbour laws.
|
Caching
|
|
A decentralised, tamper-resistant digital ledger used to record transactions or data transparently and securely, often used in smart contracts or cryptocurrencies.
|
Blockchain
|
|
A decentralised blockchain platform that enables the creation and execution of smart contracts and decentralised applications (dApps), often used for secure, automated transactions without intermediaries.
|
Ethereum
|
|
A powerful digital platform that controls access to markets or users, often subject to stricter regulations under laws like the EU’s Digital Markets Act.
|
Gatekeeper
|
|
A service that facilitates the transmission, storage, or access of information online between users, such as search engines, cloud services, or platforms
|
OIS
|
|
A service provided at a distance, by electronic means, at the individual request of a recipient, usually for remuneration (e.g. e-commerce, online platforms).
|
ISS
|
