L&E: Insurance Contracts - Statistics

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Answer Stats
Hint Answer % Correct
Occurs BEFORE contract; individuals with higher risks are more likely to seek insurance, leading to skewed risk pool. Adverse selection
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One party in a transaction has more or better information than the other. Asymmetric information
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If transaction costs are low and property rights are well-defined, parties can negotiate to resolve externalities without legal intervention. Coase Theorem
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Relief is given if a knowing party fails to inform an unknowing party, but only when disclosure is low-cost and no substantial investment in information was made. Doctrine of mistake
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A cost-benefit formula used to determine negligence: liability exists if the burden of prevention is less than the probability of harm multiplied by its severity. Hand formula
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Insured may not profit from insurance; only actual losses are compensated. Exceptions include life insurance policies and agreed-sum policies Indemnity
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The insured must stand to lose something from the event insured against; prevents gambling, moral hazard, and externalities to uninvolved third parties. Insurable interest
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Insurance does NOT cover deliberate or criminal actions to reduce incentives for harmful behaviour Intentional acts
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Arises AFTER contract is signed; individuals may take more risks because they are insured , making it difficult for the insurer to verify care levels Moral hazard
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The insured must disclose ALL relevant information; strict sanctions apply for non-disclosure Utmost good faith
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Contractual tool where the informed party assumes the risk of quality or performance, used to correct information asymmetry. Warranties
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