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Posthumously promoted by Congress, in 1976, to General of the Armies.
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George Washington
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7th Senior Officer of the United States Army (1789-1797).
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George Washington
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As a lawyer, defended in court six British soldiers implicated in the Boston Massacre.
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John Adams
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The 14th President of the United States (1853-1857).
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Franklin Pierce
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Established a United States foreign policy position that opposed European colonialism in the Western Hemisphere and held that any intervention in the political affairs of the Americas by foreign powers is a potentially hostile act against the United States.
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James Monroe
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The 15th President of the United States (1857-1861).
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James Buchanan
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The 12th President of the United States (1849-1850).
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Zachary Taylor
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Expanded U.S. trade through reciprocity agreements with Denmark, Prussia and the Federal Republic of Central America and trade agreements with the Kingdom of Hawai’i and the Kingdom of Tahiti, but was frustrated by Britain’s 1825 ban on U.S. trade with the British West Indies.
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John Quincy Adams
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Louisiana (1812) and Indiana (1816) were admitted to the Union during his presidency.
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James Madison
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The 4th President of the United States (1809-1817).
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James Madison
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Citizens of Maine clashed with citizens of New Brunswick in 1841 over a territorial dispute involving 12,000 square miles, resulting in this president sending his Secretary of State, Daniel Webster, to negotiate with British emissary Lord Ashburton.
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John Tyler
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Presided over the War of 1812 with Great Britain.
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James Madison
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The 9th President of the United States (1841).
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William Henry Harrison
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Lowered the national debt from $83 million to $57 million.
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Thomas Jefferson
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During his presidency, the Supreme Court decision in Dred Scott v. Sandford further stoked distrust between North and South, especially when it became apparent that the court’s decision had been leaked to the President in advance.
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James Buchanan
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His domestic agenda (later called the American System) was designed to unite disparate regional interests in the promotion of a thriving national economy, but was not well-received in Congress.
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John Quincy Adams
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During his presidency, tensions between Native Americans and Euro-Americans led to Tecumseh’s War, the Peoria War and the Creek War.
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James Madison
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Despite his misgivings, he signed the bill that created the Department of the Interior in 1849.
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James K. Polk
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The 5th President of the United States (1817-1825).
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James Monroe
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Texas (1845), Iowa (1846) and Wisconsin (1848) were admitted to the Union during his presidency.
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James K. Polk
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