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Investigated and prosecuted corruption in the Indian Service, General Land Office and Post Office Department.
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Theodore Roosevelt
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In 1890, he signed the Dependent and Disability Pension Act, which provided pensions to disabled Civil War veterans (regardless of the cause of their disability).
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Benjamin Harrison
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During his presidency, the Sixteenth Amendment was passed, allowing Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states on the basis of population, thus overruling the Supreme Court decision in Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co., which held that Congress’s previous attempt to levy such a tax was unconstitutional.
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William Howard Taft
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Saved taxpayers about $10 million by refinancing the national debt.
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James A. Garfield
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Won a Nobel Peace Prize for mediating a peace conference during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905.
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Theodore Roosevelt
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Ended Reconstruction and returned the South to “home rule” (1877).
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Rutherford B. Hayes
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The 25th President of the United States (1897-1901).
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William McKinley
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The 20th President of the United States (1881).
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James A. Garfield
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Because Congress would not ratify the Treaty of Versailles, which formally ended WWI hostilities, it was necessary for him to sign individual treaties with Germany, Austria and Hungary in 1921 … without the U.S. joining the League of Nations.
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Warren G. Harding
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During his presidency, the U.S. military massacred over 250 Lakota at the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation near Wounded Knee Creek in South Dakota (1890).
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Benjamin Harrison
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Oklahoma (1907) was admitted to the Union during his presidency.
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Theodore Roosevelt
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In 1906, he signed an executive order mandating the use of reformed spelling (as advocated by the Simplified Spelling Board) in his official communications and messages to Congress. He later rescinded the order after being ridiculed in the press and receiving a resolution of protest from the House of Representatives.
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Theodore Roosevelt
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Aspired to remain neutral as World War I broke out (1914-1917), but ultimately asked Congress to declare war against Germany after Germany engaged in a series of attacks against U.S. shipping and tried to convince Mexico to join them in a war against the U.S.
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Woodrow Wilson
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During his presidency, Congress voted to declare war against Spain (1898) after the U.S.S. Maine was blown up by an underwater mine in Havana Harbor, where it had been sent to protect U.S. interests during the Cuban War of Independence.
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William McKinley
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The 19th President of the United States (1877-1881).
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Rutherford B. Hayes
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His veto of the Volstead Act, designed to enforce Amendment XVIII (prohibition), was overridden by Congress.
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Woodrow Wilson
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His administration created the Department of Justice (1870), which allowed Attorney General Amos T. Ackerman to vigorously prosecute the Ku Klux Klan during Reconstruction.
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Ulysses S. Grant
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His term was a period of rapid economic growth often called the “Roaring Twenties.”
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Calvin Coolidge
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Advocated in 1881 for strengthening the Navy, which had shrunk from 700 vessels during the Civil War to 52, most of which were obsolete.
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Chester A. Arthur
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The 22nd President of the United States (1885-1889).
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Grover Cleveland
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