|
Hint
|
|
Answer
|
|
Anterior oral cavity arch
|
|
Palatoglossal
|
|
Posterior oral cavity arch
|
|
Palatopharyngeal
|
|
Teeth joint type
|
|
Fibrous Gomphosis
|
|
Maxillary teeth innervation
|
|
CNV2
|
|
Mandubular teeth innervation
|
|
CNV3
|
|
Mouth sphincter muscle
|
|
Obicularis Orbis
|
|
Cheek Muscles
|
|
Buccinator
|
|
Innervation of cheek muscles
|
|
CNVII
|
|
Chewing muscle that elevates and protrudes jaw
|
|
Masseter
|
|
Chewing muscle that elevates and retracts jaw
|
|
Temporalis
|
|
Innervation of Pterygoids
|
|
CNV3
|
|
Muscle that protrudes and depresses the tongue
|
|
Genioglossus
|
|
Muscle that retracts and depresses the tongue
|
|
Hyoglossus
|
|
Muscle that retracts and elevates the tongue & is innervated by CNXII
|
|
Styloglossus
|
|
Innervation of posterior taste and sensation of tongue
|
|
CNIX
|
|
Innervation of taste of anterior tongue
|
|
CNVII
|
|
Innervation of sensation of anterior tongue
|
|
CNV3
|
|
Innervation of Parotid Gland
|
|
CNIX
|
|
Innervation of Submandibular and Sublingual Glands
|
|
CNV3
|
|
Innervation of the Pharyngeal Constrictors
|
|
CNX
|
|
Innervation of the Stylopharyngeus
|
|
CNIX
|
|
Muscle that elevates soft palate and is innervated by CNV3 (abbreviation)
|
|
TVP
|
|
Innervation of the Palatoglossus, LVP, Palatopharyngeas
|
|
CNX
|
|
What does the LVP do to the soft palate?
|
|
Elevation
|
|
What does the Palatoglossus and Palatopharyngeas do to the soft palate
|
|
Depression
|
|
Innervation of the Oesophagus
|
|
CNX
|
|
Muscle that retracts and elevates the tongue & is innervated by CNX
|
|
Palatoglossus
|
|
What vertebral level is the cardiac notch of the stomach?
|
|
T11
|
|
What is the top of the stomach above the body called?
|
|
Fundus
|
|
What is the triangular shaped region proximal to the pylorus called?
|
|
Antrum
|
|
What artery directly from the Coeliac trunk supplies the Lesser Curvature?
|
|
Left Gastric
|
|
What artery from the hepatic artery supplies the Lesser Curvature?
|
|
Right Gastric
|
|
What arteries (L/R) supply the Greater Curvature?
|
|
Gastro-epiploic
|
|
Which artery does the Short Gastric artery originate from?
|
|
Splenic
|
|
Which artery does the Left Epiploic artery originate from?
|
|
Splenic
|
|
Which artery does the Right Epiploic artery originate from?
|
|
Gastroduodenal
|
|
What artery supplies the fundus of the stomach?
|
|
Short Gastric
|
|
Which vein does the short gastric and left gastro-epiploic drain into?
|
|
Splenic
|
|
Which vein does the right gastro-epiploic drain into?
|
|
Superior Mesenteric
|
|
Which vein do left and right gastric veins drain into?
|
|
Hepatic Portal
|
|
Which veins do the Splenic and Superior mesenteric drain into?
|
|
Hepatic Portal
|
|
Which thoracic segments do the SNS innervation of the foregut come from (X?-?)
|
|
T6-9
|
|
What nerve provides foregut SNS innervation before synapsing?
|
|
Greater Splanchnic
|
|
In which ganglia does the SNS innervation of the foregut synapse?
|
|
Coeliac
|
|
In what nerve are the preganglionic axons of the Foregut PSNS innervation
|
|
Vagus
|
|
What abdominal region do foregut afferents travel to?
|
|
Epigastric
|
|
What part of the duodenum contains the major and minor duodenal papillae?
|
|
Descending
|
|
What landmark does the Major Duodenal Papillae represent?
|
|
Foregut/Midgut
|
|
Which part of the small intestine has long vasa recta and less arcades?
|
|
Jejunum
|
|
Which part of the small intestine has short vasa recta and more arcades?
|
|
Ileum
|
|
The Gastroduodenal artery gives rise to the Superior Pancreaticoduodenal artery, and which other artery that also supplies the proximal duodenum?
|
|
Supraduodenal
|
|
What artery supplies the Distal Duodenum after the MDP?
|
|
Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal
|
|
Which thoracic segments do the SNS innervation of the Midgut come from (X?-?)
|
|
T9-11
|
|
In which ganglia does the SNS innervation of the Midgut synapse?
|
|
Superior Mesenteric
|
|
What abdominal region do Midgut afferents travel to?
|
|
Umbilical
|
|
Which lymph nodes does the Foregut drain to?
|
|
Coeliac
|
|
Which lymph nodes does the Midgut drain to?
|
|
Superior Mesenteric
|
|
Which lymph nodes does the Hindgut drain to?
|
|
Inferior Mesenteric
|
|
Which lymph trunk does the Foregut and Midgut lymph drain to?
|
|
Intestinal
|
|
Which lymph trunk does the Hindgut lymph drain to?
|
|
Lumbar
|
|
Where do the lymph trunks drain to?
|
|
Cisterna Chyli
|
|
Which side is the Hepatic flexure of the colon on?
|
|
Right
|
|
Which side is the Splenic flexure of the colon on?
|
|
Left
|
|
Longest name of the 3 Taeniae Coli
|
|
Mesocolic
|
|
Middle length name of the 3 Taeniae Coli
|
|
Omental
|
|
Shortest name of the 3 Taeniae Coli
|
|
Free
|
|
The proximal large intestine is supplied arterially by the middle colic, right colic, and _______ arteries?
|
|
Ileocolic
|
|
The descending colon is supplied by what artery
|
|
Left Colic
|
|
The Sigmoid colon is supplied by what artery?
|
|
Sigmoid
|
|
The anal canal above the pectinate line is supplied by what branch of the IMA?
|
|
Superior Rectal
|
|
What is the name of the artery that Anastomoses around the intestines?
|
|
Marginal
|
|
How far along the transverse colon is the midgut/hindgut junction? (fraction)
|
|
2/3
|
|
Which nerve roots do the SNS innervation of the Midgut come from (X?-X?)
|
|
T12-L2
|
|
In which ganglia does the SNS innervation of the Hindgut synapse?
|
|
Inferior Mesenteric
|
|
What abdominal region do Hindgut afferents travel to?
|
|
Hypogastric
|
|
What NON-abdominal region do Hindgut afferents travel to?
|
|
Thigh
|
|
Which layer of Superficial Abdominal wall fascia is known as "Camper's"?
|
|
Fatty
|
|
Which layer of Superficial Abdominal wall fascia is known as "Scarpa's"?
|
|
Membranous
|
|
Outermost muscle of the lateral abdominal wall
|
|
External Oblique
|
|
Middle muscle of the lateral abdominal wall
|
|
Internal Oblique
|
|
Innermost muscle of the lateral abdominal wall
|
|
Transverse Abdominus
|
|
"Abs" muscles
|
|
Rectus Abdominus
|
|
Line down the middle of the abs
|
|
Linea Alba
|
|
Line down the side of the abs
|
|
Linea Semiluminaris
|
|
Line travelling horizontally at the base of the abs
|
|
Arcuate Line
|
|
The Aponeuroses of the EO, IO, and TA form the
|
|
Rectus Sheath
|
|
Which ventral rami innervate the anterolateral abdominal wall muscles? (X?-X?)
|
|
T6-L1
|
|
What is the Ligamentum Teres Hepatis a remnant of?
|
|
Umbilical Vein
|
|
What two structures does the median umbilical fold run between? (? and ?)
|
|
Bladder and Umbilicus
|
|
What are the medial umbilical folds remnants of?
|
|
Umbilical Arteries
|
|
Which vessels internally form the lateral umbilical folds?
|
|
Inferior Epigastric
|
|
What are the nerve roots of the Intercostal nerves? (X?-X?)
|
|
T6-T11
|
|
What is the nerve root of the subcostal nerve? (X?)
|
|
T12
|
|
What is the nerve rootsof the Iliohypogastric nerve? (X?)
|
|
L1
|
|
Which lymph nodes does superficial lymph from above the umbilicus travel to?
|
|
Anterior Axillary
|
|
Which lymph nodes does superficial lymph from below the umbilicus travel to?
|
|
Superficial Inguinal
|
|
During development of the inguinal canal, what structure extends from the testis to labioscrotal swelling?
|
|
Gubernaculum
|
|
What does this structure become in females?
|
|
Round ligament of uterus
|
|
Primary anterior wall of the anterior inguinal canal
|
|
External Oblique
|
|
Primary posterior wall of the anterior inguinal canal
|
|
Transversalis Fascia
|
|
Floor of the Inguinal Canal
|
|
Inguinal Ligament
|
|
Roof of the Inguinal Canal
|
|
Internal Oblique
|
|
The genital branch of which nerve travels in the inguinal canal?
|
|
Genitofemoral
|
|
The inguinal branch of which nerve travels in the inguinal canal?
|
|
Ilioinguinal
|
|
What non-vessel travels in the spermatic cord of a female that does not in a male
|
|
Round Ligament of Uterus
|
|
What reproductive structure travels in the spermatic cord of a male that does not in a female
|
|
Ductus Deferens
|
|
Is a hernia that travels through both the deep and superficial inguinal ring indirect or direct
|
|
Indirect
|
|
What congenital abnormality predisposes an indirect inguinal hernia?
|
|
Patent Processus Vaginalis
|
|
Weakness in what anatomical area predisposes to a direct inguinal hernia?
|
|
Inguinal Triangle
|
|
From a posterior view of the liver, what is the lobe that is middle and superior?
|
|
Caudate
|
|
From a posterior view of the liver, what is the lobe that is middle and inferior?
|
|
Quadrate
|
|
What ligament travels the superior edge of the liver?
|
|
Coronary
|
|
What ligament is at the top corner of each side of the liver?
|
|
Triangular
|
|
What ligament runs down the front of the liver?
|
|
Falciform
|
|
What is the ligamentum venosum a remnant of?
|
|
Ductus Venosum
|
|
What ligament of the lesser omentum separates the left and caudate lobes?
|
|
Hepatogastric
|
|
What ligament of the lesser omentum surrounds the portal triad structures?
|
|
Hepatoduodenal ligament
|
|
Which artery coming off the common hepatic supplies the liver?
|
|
Hepatic Proper
|
|
Which artery coming off the right hepatic artery supplies the gallbladder?
|
|
Cystic Artery
|
|
The hepatic artery and portal veins in hepatic lobules both drain into what structure?
|
|
Sinudoids
|
|
And where do these structures then drain to within the lobules?
|
|
Central veins
|
|
Which nodes does deep hepatobiliary lymph drain to initially before draining into the coeliac nodes?
|
|
Coeliac
|
|
Which nodes does posterior and superior hepatobiliary lymph drain to initially before draining into the posterior mediastinal nodes?
|
|
Phrenic
|
|
Which nodes does central hepatobiliary lymph drain to initially before draining into the thorax?
|
|
Parasternal
|
|
Which part of the GIT does the hepatobiliary system have the same SNS and PNS innervation as?
|
|
Foregut
|
|
Irritation of diaphragm provides somatic pain to which nerves?
|
|
Intercostal
|
|
Irritation of the central diaphragm radiates to what region with a C3-5 Myotome?
|
|
Shoulder
|
|
Which ligament does the tail of the pancreas lie in?
|
|
Splenorenal
|
|
The pancreas has a tail, body, neck, head, and ?
|
|
Uncinate process
|
|
The main pancreatic duct and bile duct join into the hepatopancreatic ___ (Vater)?
|
|
Ampulla
|
|
The flow from this structure to the duodenum is controlled by the Sphincter of __?
|
|
Oddi
|
|
What structure do these drain through? (don't abbreviate)
|
|
Major Duodenal Papilla
|
|
What does the accessory pancreatic duct drain into?
|
|
Minor Duodenal Papilla
|
|
What structures does the diaphragmatic surface of the spleen lie against?
|
|
Ribs
|
|
The visceral surface of the spleen has a gastric, colic, and renal ____
|
|
Impression
|
|
What main branch of the coeliac artery supplies most of the pancreas and the spleen?
|
|
Splenic
|
|
The gastroduodenal artery gives rise to which arteries that supply the head of the pancreas? (do not need to specify ant./post.)
|
|
Superior Pancreaticoduodenal
|
|
The superior mesenteric artery gives rise to which arteries that supply the head of the pancreas? (do not need to specify ant./post.)
|
|
Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal
|
|
At what vertebral level is the hilum of the kidneys?
|
|
L2
|
|
What is the innermost layer of renal fascia?
|
|
Fibrous Capsule
|
|
What is the name of the fat that lies in the renal sinus?
|
|
Perirenal
|
|
What arteries supply the kidneys off the Aorta at L1?
|
|
Renal
|
|
What veins drain the kidneys at L1 into the IVC?
|
|
Renal
|
|
What two veins drain into the left renal vein before the IVC? (alphabetical, ? and ?)
|
|
Adrenal and Gonadal
|
|
What nerve roots provide SNS innervation of the kidneys?
|
|
T10-L1
|
|
What nerve provides PSNS innervation for the kidneys?
|
|
Vagus
|
|
What muscle do the ureters pass anteriorly to?
|
|
Psoas
|
|
What vascular landmark do the ureters pass anteriorly to?
|
|
Iliac Bifurication
|
|
What is the shape of the right adrenal?
|
|
Pyramidal
|
|
What is the shape of the left adrenal?
|
|
Semilunar
|
|
Which artery the superior adrenal artery come from?
|
|
Inferior Phrenic
|
|
Which artery the middle adrenal artery come from?
|
|
Aorta
|
|
Which artery does the inferior adrenal artery come from?
|
|
Renal
|
|
Which vein does the left adrenal venous supply drain to?
|
|
Left Renal
|
|
Which vein does the right adrenal venous supply drain to?
|
|
IVC
|
|
What nerve roots provide SNS innervation of the adrenals?
|
|
T10-L1
|
|
In which ganglia does the SNS innervation of the adrenals synapse?
|
|
Greater Coeliac
|
|
What structure does the lateral arcuate ligament of the diaphragm attach to?
|
|
Lumborum
|
|
What structure does the medial arcuate ligament of the diaphragm attach to?
|
|
Iliopsoas
|
|
What structure does the median arcuate ligament of the diaphragm attach to?
|
|
Aorta
|
|
At what vertebral level does the IVC pass through the diaphragm?
|
|
T8
|
|
At what vertebral level does the oesophagus and vagus pass through the diaphragm?
|
|
T10
|
|
At what vertebral level does the aorta and thoracic duct pass through the diaphragm?
|
|
T12
|
|
Write out the branches of the abdominal aorta: C__, S__ M___, R___, G___, I___ M___, C__ I___
|
|
Coeliac, Superior Mesenteric, Renal, Gonadal, Inferior Mesenteric, Common Iliac
|
|
Write out the veins that drain into the IVC: R___, L___, I__ P___, R___ A___, R___ G___, H___
|
|
Renal, Lumbar, Inferior Phrenic, Right Adrenal, Right Gonadal, Hepatic
|
|
At what spinal level is junction of the Rectosigmoid junction?
|
|
S3
|
|
What pouch is anterior to the rectum in males?
|
|
Rectovesical
|
|
What pouch is anterior to the rectum in females?
|
|
Rectouterine
|
|
What artery does the superior rectal artery come off? (and vein drain to vein)
|
|
Inferior Mesenteric
|
|
What artery does the middle rectal artery come off? (and vein drain to vein)
|
|
Internal Iliac
|
|
What artery does the inferior rectal artery come off? (and vein drain to vein)
|
|
Internal Pudendal
|
|
What female reproductive organ has Anteflexion and anteversion?
|
|
Uterus
|
|
Are Retroflexion or Retroversion of this organ normal or abnormal?
|
|
Abnormal
|
|
The Endometrium, Myometrium, and Mesometrium are layers of what organ?
|
|
Uterus
|
|
What female reproductive organ has a firm muscular structure with an internal and external Os?
|
|
Cervix
|
|
What female ligament contains vessels and attaches the ovary to uterus?
|
|
Suspensory
|
|
What uterine ligament is a double folding of the peritoneum (a mesentery)?
|
|
Broad
|
|
What is the name of the finger-like projections on the ovary coming off the infundibulum of the Fallopian tubes?
|
|
Fimbriae
|
|
What ligament surrounds the Fallopian tubes?
|
|
Mesosalpinx
|
|
What ligament surrounds the ovaries?
|
|
Mesovarium
|
|
Which artery do the uterine and vaginal arteries come from?
|
|
Internal Iliac
|
|
What nerve roots supply the SNS innervation of female reproductive tract?
|
|
T11-L1
|
|
What nerve roots supply the PSNS innervation of female reproductive tract?
|
|
S2-S4
|
|
Which nodes does the lymph from the body of the uterus, and cervix drain to?
|
|
Iliac
|
|
Which nodes does the lymph from the lower vagina and fundus drain to?
|
|
Superifical Inguinal
|
|
Which nodes does the lymph from the Fallopian tubes drain to?
|
|
Lumbar
|
|
What structure in females is inferior to the bladder and anterior to the vagina?
|
|
Urethra
|
|
What smooth muscle surrounds the bladder?
|
|
Detrusor
|
|
The apex of the bladder is attaches to which ligament?
|
|
Median Umbilical
|
|
Between what two structures do the male ureters enter the bladder?
|
|
Ductus Deferens and Seminal Vesicle
|
|
What are the parts of the male urethra, in order (?, ?, ?, ?)
|
|
Preprostatic, Prostatic, Membranous, Spongy
|
|
Which lobe of the prostate often enlarges in benign prostatic hyperplasia?
|
|
Middle
|
|
What is the central depression in the prostate called?
|
|
Utricle
|
|
Do the ejaculatory ducts enter above or below the utricle?
|
|
Below
|
|
In males the superior and inferior vesicle arteries come from which artery?
|
|
Internal Iliac
|
|
What is the formation of the ductus deferens and seminal vesicle called?
|
|
Ejaculatory Duct
|
|
What nerve roots supply the SNS innervation of male reproductive tract?
|
|
T12-L2
|
|
What nerve roots supply the PSNS innervation of male reproductive tract?
|
|
S2-S4
|
|
The pelvic outlet divides the pelvis into the ___ (lesser) and ___ (greater) pelvis
|
|
False and True
|
|
What angle is the pelvic inlet at (? degrees)
|
|
60 degrees
|
|
What angle is the pelvic outlet at (? degrees)
|
|
10 degrees
|
|
Which gender has a heavier, deeper, narrower pelvis
|
|
Male
|
|
Which gender has a lighter, shallower, wider pelvis
|
|
Female
|
|
What 4 bones make up the pelvic wall (alphabetical, sepparated by commas)
|
|
Ilium, Ischium, Pubis, Sacrum
|
|
What 2 ligaments make up the pelvic wall (alphabetical, sepparated by commas)
|
|
Sacrospinous, Sacrotuberous
|
|
What 2 muscles make up the pelvic wall (alphabetical, separated by commas)
|
|
Obturator Internus, Piriformis
|
|
What 2 broad muscles make up the pelvic floor (alphabetical, separated by commas)
|
|
Coccygeus, Levator Ani
|
|
Of the larger of these two, what three muscles is it split into? (alphabetical, separated by commas)
|
|
Iliococcygeus, Pubococcygeus, Puborectalis
|
|
Iliohypogastric nerve root
|
|
L1
|
|
Ilioinguinal nerve root
|
|
L1
|
|
Lateral Femoral Cutaneous nerve roots
|
|
L2-L3
|
|
Genitofemoral nerve roots
|
|
L1-L2
|
|
Femoral and Obturator nerve roots
|
|
L2-L4
|
|
Lumbosacral trunk nerve roots
|
|
L4-L5
|
|
Superior Gluteal nerve roots
|
|
L4-S1
|
|
Inferior Gluteal nerve roots
|
|
L5-S2
|
|
Sciatic nerve roots
|
|
L4-S3
|
|
Pudendal nerve roots
|
|
S2-S4
|
|
What is the Ischioanal fossa filled with?
|
|
Fat
|
|
What anatomical area is on the lateral walls of the ischioanal fossa, against the obturator internus (houses vessels)
|
|
Pudendal Canal
|
|
What muscle does the external anal sphincter fuse with?
|
|
Puborectalis
|
|
What is the line in the anus separating innervation, blood supply etc.
|
|
Pectinate
|
|
What structures lie above this line?
|
|
Anal Columns
|
|
What is the area below this called?
|
|
Pecten
|
|
What structures lie laterally to this line?
|
|
Anal Sinuses
|
|
The urethral sphincter, Transverse perineal muscle, bulbourethral glands lie within the male __ __
|
|
Deep Pouch
|
|
The sphincter urethrae, compressor urethrae, and urethrovaginal sphincter lie within the, female __ __
|
|
Deep Pouch
|
|
What structure does the Bulbospongiosus cover?
|
|
Bulb
|
|
What structure does the Ischiocavernosus cover?
|
|
Crus
|
|
What tendon supports the pelvic viscera, and acts as an attachment point for various muscles?
|
|
Central Tendon of Perineum
|
|
What erectile tissue surrounds the male urethra?
|
|
Corpus Spongiosum
|
|
What erectile tissue lies within the deep penis?
|
|
Corpus Cavernosa
|
|
What nerve does all innervation of the male genitalia originate from (Inferior anal, perineal, scrotal nerves)?
|
|
Pudendal
|
|
What artery comes off the internal iliac to supply the male genitalia?
|
|
Internal Pudendal
|
|
What artery comes off the Femoral to supply the male genitalia?
|
|
External Pudendal
|
|
Which nerve roots are involved in dilating arteries and restricting venous flow during PSNS regulated erections, as well as urethral contraction during emission?
|
|
S2-S4
|
|
What nerve roots are responsible for the SNS mediated emission during ejaculation?
|
|
T12-L2
|
|
Which artery do the inferior rectal, perineal, and dorsal clitoris arteries arise from?
|
|
Internal Pudendal
|
|
Which artery supplies the Labia Majora?
|
|
External Pudendal
|
|
What three nerves supply the external female genitalia (alphabetical, separated by commas)
|
|
Femoral Cutaneous, Genitofemoral, Pudendal
|
