1. A short poem expressing the personal feelings of a first-person speaker.
2. Writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid.
3. A novel that explores the maturation of the protagonist, with the narrative usually moving the main character from childhood into adulthood.
4. Speech delivered by a character in a play, usually with other characters present.
5. The character who is currently delivering lines.
7. Poetry with no rhyme or set meter.
8. A contrasting character who allows the protagonist to stand out more distinctly.
9. A relatively brief novel, usually not exceeding 200 pages.
10. Narrative scene in which action previously unrevealed takes place.
11. A protagonist with villainous qualities who nevertheless can be relatively sympathetic in a narrative.
12. A brief work of fictional prose invented roughly in the early 1800s.
13. Long narrative poem, usually featuring a larger-than-life hero who takes a journey during which he receives divine intervention.
14. A poem of praise and dedication.
15. An unexpected but fitting twist in a narrative.
16. A character’s transformative moment of realization.
17. The protagonist of a narrative.
18. A recurring pattern of images and symbols.
19. Occurs when someone means the opposite of what she says.
20. In a poem, two consecutive rhyming lines.
21. A play on words that derives its humor from the replacement of one word with another that has similar pronunciation or spelling but a different meaning.
22. Part of a narrative that moves from the climax to the denouement
23. The central character of a literary work.
24. Imagery in which the part stands for the whole or vice versa.
25. The emotional atmosphere of a work, especially the emotional undercurrents of a setting.
26. Occurs when events in a story take an unexpected turn, but one can still understand how the events could have happened.
27. It is created by alteration of the standard English word order of a subject being followed by a verb and its object in a declarative sentence.
28. From the Greek for “good speech,” this is a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for generally unpleasant words or concepts.
29. The emotional mood created by the entirety of a literary work, established partly by the setting and partly by the author’s choice of objects that are described.
30. A voice and viewpoint that an author adopts in order to deliver a story or poem.
31. A representation, especially pictorial or literary, in which the subject’s distinctive features or peculiarities are deliberately exaggerated to produce a comic or grotesque effect.
32. Type of narration that mimics the mind’s free flow of thought.
33. A work of prose or poetry intended for performance on a stage.
34. Unrhymed iambic pentameter verse – formal, but still conversational.
35. Common tragic flaw of protagonists.
36. Appears within one line of poetry.
37. Any literary work that is not poetry, but is written in sentences and paragraphs.
38. A line, lines, or a stanza in a poem that repeat(s) at intervals.
39. Explain how the stage is set, where and when the actors should move, and, occasionally, in what manner the actors should deliver their lines.
40. Narrative in which the characters, setting, and events are all symbolic.
41. Long section of an epic poem.
42. A literary device that sets up a striking analogy between two entities that would not usually invite comparison, often drawing connections between the physical and spiritual.
43. Placing dissimilar items, descriptions, or ideas close together or side by side, especially for comparison or contrast
44. An object, setting, event, or flat character that represents an idea.
45. Absurd type of comedy that involves flat characters, slapstick action, and ridiculous misunderstandings.
46. A type of flat character based on a stereotype; one who falls into an immediately recognizable category or type – such as the absentminded professor or the town drunk – and thus resists unique characterization.
47. Experiences a change in personality, attitude, or behavior during the course of the narrative.
48. A reference to something appearing elsewhere in history, culture, or literature.
49. Statement in which two opposites are paired to make a point.
50. A story within a story.
51. Stylistic approach in a literary work whereby the text’s lack of clarity allows for multiple, even conflicting interpretations.
52. The presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is.
53. Appears at the end of a line of poetry, the most common type of rhyme.
54. The opponent of a narrative’s protagonist or hero.
55. A metaphor that continues over several lines or throughout an entire literary work.
56. A short, witty statement designed to surprise and audience or a reader.
57. Techniques by which writers manipulate language for effect.
58. A poem, speech, or other work written in great praise of something or someone, usually a person no longer living.
59. The instilling of human characteristics in something nonhuman.
60. Comic work in which the foibles of society are addressed and mocked.
61. The personality defect that leads the hero in a play to make an error in judgment.
62. The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun.
63. The implied, rather than direct meaning of a word.
64. A quotation preceding a work of literature that helps set the text’s mood or suggests its themes.
65. A broad term, refers to a piece of writing that is metered and rhythmic.
66. A device in which the initial sound of a word is repeated at least twice in a line of poetry or in a sentence.
67. The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events.
68. A clever, brief observation about some aspect of life, also called a maxim or a saying.
69. A short narrative scene or description, often one in a series.
70. An agent committing action in a narrative, usually human, but not necessarily so.
71. The most common metrical foot in English poetry.
72. A more developed, complex character.
73. A play in which a temporarily unstable situation is restored to order by the end.
74. A narrative that, even in retrospect, symbolically predicted something in the narrative’s future.
75. Appears after the exposition of a narrative. In this part of a story, complications begin to arise for the characters.
76. Underdeveloped character, one-dimensional and predictable.
77. An address to something as if it were human, or an address to someone not present.
78. The audience’s release of pity and fear once the tragic hero of a play has experienced a downfall.
79. Divides its discussion between an octave and a sestet.
80. Poem in which a character speaks as if delivering a soliloquy.
81. A word that has the opposite meaning of another.
82. A satiric dramatic form that lampoons social conventions; the highest level of comedy.
83. An indirect comparison between two unlike things.
84. The organization of a work.
85. Exaggeration for effect.
86. A figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds or words.
87. An extended metaphor continuing from an initial comparison.
88. The literal definition of a word, often referred to as the “dictionary definition.”
89. The formal, regular organization of stressed and unstressed syllables, measured in feet.
90. The pattern of rhyme occurring in a poem, usually listed as a sequence of alphabetical letters (e.g. ABABCDCDEFEFGG) in which like letters indicate end rhyme.
91. Also called “near rhyme,” words at the ends of poem lines that almost but don’t quite rhyme. Not necessarily a weakness in the poem.
92. The most common meter in English poetry; has roughly ten syllables with the accents on even syllables.
93. A sung poem that recounted a dramatic story.
94. The written depiction of conversation between characters.
95. A poetic blending of sensory images.
96. Usually, the repetition of final sounds in words at set intervals.
97. A direct comparison of two unlike things.
98. A sudden decline in tension, especially with comic effect or ironic disappointment.
99. Quality of spoken text formed from combing the text’s rhythm with the rise and fall in the inflection of the speaker’s voice.
100. Refers to the defining structural characteristics of a work, especially a poem.
101. A brief, symbolic story whose purpose is to instruct.
102. Satirical work that parodies the form of the epic poem.
103. Character that remains the same throughout a work.
104. The perspective from which a narrative is told.
105. A device used to produce figurative language.
106. The repetition of a word or phrase for rhetorical effect.
107. Harsh, unpleasant sounds, especially in poetry.
108. A resemblance drawn between two items.
109. The universal truth, observation about life, or main idea of a literary work.
110. A symbol so ancient and fundamental that its meaning is understood by the unconscious mind, even without contextual explanation.
111. Occurs when the audience knows something that a character doesn’t.
112. Part of a narrative during which characters, setting, and initial action are explained. A good bulk of a story’s exposition takes place near the beginning.
113. The time and place of a narrative.
114. A line of poetry that continues its sentence into the next line without a break.
115. A seemingly self-contradictory statement that upon closer scrutiny actually reveals a truth.
116. Latin for “in the middle of things.”
117. A character who possesses a flaw or commits an error in judgment that leads to his or her downfall and a reversal of fortune.
118. The repetition of a vowel sound in a sentence or line of poetry.
119. Lines in a poem that the poet has chosen to group together, usually separated from other lines by a space.
120. The narrator’s attitude toward her subject.
121. Divides its discussion among three quatrains and a final couplet.
122. The method by which the author builds, or reveals, a character; it can be direct or indirect.
123. French for “unknotting,” this final segment of a narrative follows the climax and “winds things up” in the story.
124. Similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases or clauses.
125. A metric distinguished by the number of syllables it contains and how stress is placed on the syllables – stressed (´) or unstressed (˘).
126. A figure of speech in which something is represented by another thing that is related to it.
127. A description of how something looks, feels, tastes, smells, or sounds.
128. An expression or language construction appropriate only for casual, informal speaking or writing.
129. In a narrative, the point of irreversible action, when what is done cannot be undone.
130. The major category in which a literary work fits.
131. Dialogue or narration written to simulate regional or cultural speech patterns.
132. A poetic closed form devised during the early renaissance by the Italian writer Petrarch.
133. A contemplative poem, on death and mortality, often written for someone who has died.
134. Word choice; the most basic element of a text.
135. A three-line stanza.
136. A work that mocks another text by closely modeling its style and content.
138. A pause in the middle of a line of poetry.
139. From the Greek meaning “to tear flesh," involves bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something.
140. A work written in verse rather than prose.
141. When, in a narrative, the protagonist’s fortunes take an unforeseen turn.
142. A plot device in which the author places the main narrative of his or her work within another narrative
143. A serious dramatic work in which the protagonist experiences a series of unfortunate reversals due to some character trait.
144. A seemingly self-contradictory term or phrase.