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PSYC 102: Sensation and Perception

this is for my psych class!
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GeoKJ
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Last updated: February 26, 2025
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First submittedFebruary 26, 2025
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Average score47.1%
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detection of physical energy or environmental energy by sense organs; pressure or a change of pressure
sensation
the brain’s interpretation of raw sensory inputs; touching arm
perception
describe how environmental information is converted into neural activity
vision as sensation
electromagnetic radiation
vision as light
convert environmental energy into neural activity with sensory receptors
transduction
a transparent membrane that seats at the very front of the eye
cornea
light enters through it
pupil
more light, less pupil size
iris
similar to cornea, but only carries one of the function: bends the light
lens
membrane that sits at the back of the eye
retina
sits at the centre most of the eye
fovea centralis
no photoreceptors here
blind spot/optic disk
absorbs excess light, disallowing it to mess with our sight
choroid
located at the back of the retina
photoreceptors
neurons that transfer information from photoreceptors to ganglion cells
bipolar cells
neurons that transmit information from bipolar cells to the brain
ganglion cells
responsible for low light, can't see colour - longer, cylindrical (night)
rods
responsible for high light volume, sees coloour - shorter, thicker, cone-shaped (day)
cones
a type of visual pigment found in rods - can only see black and white
rhodopsin
process o when the shape of retinal changes (curved to straight)
isomerization
the process of resting for visual pigments
bleaching
sensitivity to light increases as you spend more time in the dark
dark adaptation
the processing of information that is entirely driven by the environment
bottom-up processing
the processing of information that is entirely driven by internal processes (e.g., goals, experience, prior knowledge)
top-down processing
the process of focusing attention while also ignoring background information
selective attention
attention involuntarily selects a stimulus
attention capture
after time and consistency, attention will learn to suppress distracting features
attention suppression
if objects are similar, we perceive them as a forming a pattern - gestalt
similarity
if objects are close together, they will be perceived as a pattern - gestalt
proximity
If objects are enclosed in a space, they will be perceived as a pattern - gestalt
common region
when objects are presented in a way which might suggest a line they will be observed as one - gestalt
continuity
if a group of objects vaguely represent something familiar, we will see it as the familiar object - gestalt
closure
we perceive objects in the background or foreground
figure-ground
our attention is involuntarily drawn towards the source of our spoken name
cocktail party effect
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