psych vocab 2

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Functions: It’s responsible for higher brain functions, including thought, action, emotion, and interpretation of sensory data. Effects of Damage: Depending on the area affected, damage leads to memory loss, impaired cognitive skills, changes in personality, and loss of motor control

Functions: It coordinates voluntary movements such as posture, balance, coordination, and speech. Effects of Damage: Damage causes problems with balance, movement, and muscle coordination (ataxia).

Functions: This part of the brain controls many basic life-sustaining functions, including heart rate, breathing, sleeping, and eating. Effects of Damage: Damage results in life-threatening conditions like breathing difficulties, heart problems, and loss of consciousness.

It’s dominant in language and speech and plays roles in logical thinking, analysis, and accuracy.

more visual and intuitive and functions in creative and imaginative tasks.

Controls voluntary actions, including swallowing, bladder function, facial expression, posture, and sleep

Regulates involuntary actions, including breathing, heart rhythm, as well as oxygen and carbon dioxide levels

Includes the amygdala, hippocampus, and parts of the thalamus and hypothalamus.

Plays a key role in emotional responses, hormonal secretions, and memory formation.

Plays a vital role in memory formation and spatial navigation

facilitates interhemispheric communication

Acts as the brain’s relay station, channeling sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex, and regulating consciousness, sleep, and alertness

A group of structures involved in processing information related to movement, emotions, and reward. Key structures include the striatum, globus pallidus, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nucleus

Plays a role in the reward circuit of the brain, releasing dopamine in response to stimuli indicating a reward

Also known as the superior colliculus, it directs eye movements.

Involved in motor control and contains a large concentration of dopamine-producing neurons.

Plays a role in processing emotions and behavior regulation. It also helps regulate autonomic motor function.

Plays a role in recollective memory. Function: Regulates emotions, memory, and arousal.

links the nervous and endocrine systems. It contains many small nuclei. In addition to participating in eating and drinking, sleeping and waking, it regulates the endocrine system via the pituitary gland. It maintains the body’s homeostasis, regulating hunger, thirst, response to pain, levels of pleasure, sexual satisfaction, anger, and aggressive behaviour.

Known as the “master gland,” it controls various other hormone glands in the body, such as the thyroid and adrenals, as well as regulating growth, metabolism, and reproductive processes.

produces and regulates some hormones, including melatonin, which is crucial in regulating sleep patterns and circadian rhythms.

the last three are...

Consists mainly of axons and myelin sheaths that send signals between different brain regions and between the brain and spinal cord

Consists of neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, and axon terminals. Gray matter processes information and directs stimuli for muscle control, sensory perception, decision making, and self-control.

how many cells are in the human brain

how many neurons are in the human brain

how much does a human brain weigh

what percentage of the brain is water

the brain requires a constant supply of...