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Hint
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Answer
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INVESTMENT
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investment
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Example of community investment into church '... Spire'
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Louth
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How much was spent on '... Spire'
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£305
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Yearly payment to Rome?
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Peter's Pence
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Wills that survived to the modern day period (2500) were reviewed by historians. What % of testators left something to the church?
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70-80%
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And how many left money/gifts to the maintenance or service of their own local church?
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60%
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What % of Lincoln testators left something to the church in the 1520s?
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85%
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How much did this % change by the 1530s
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10%
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What % of London testators left something to the church in the 1520s?
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45%
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What did Richard Gooding pay for in the Woodbridge Church?
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Large porch
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Who left bequests towards a 34 panel rood screen?
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John and Agnes Albrede
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Name the years of the 3 different bequests to the Woodbridge church altar? (chronological order)
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1522, 1525, 1533
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Not everyone was happy to pay though and some disputed the amount they had to give to the church such as ... (person) in ... (year)?
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Henry Tankerd, 1511
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What was the annual tax that everyone (minus the King) paid?
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Tithe
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What % of income did this tax take?
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10%
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Name another fee which significantly contributed to the church's wealth?
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Mortuary (paid for upon an individuals death to finance the burial and to help them get to the afterlife), Sacramental (paid for when a sacrament is performed), Mass (paid for to have prayers said for the dead or living)
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Name a high profile case linking to one of these fees?
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Richard Hunne
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LAY BEHAVIOURS
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lay behaviours
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Most devoted area to the church?
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North
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Which parish put on a play to pay for a new image of St George and when did they do it?
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Bassingbourne, 1520
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Name the priest of Long Melford, an area which held many hearty celebrations during times of religious festivities?
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Roger Martyn
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What action was performed for 3 days alongside celebrations for rogation week? (Long Melford)
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Beating the Bounds
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Name another action people did in celebration for religious festivities (Sam Barstow)
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Creep to the cross
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How many fraternities and guilds were there in the 1520s?
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30,000
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What did they do? (name one)
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Communal prayer, Public works (eg. road repair), Church maintenance
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Despite being very poor who bequeathed 10p to various 'stores'?
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Alice Obloye
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Who melted down their wedding ring to put on St Sidwell's foot in Morebath?
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Eleanor Nicholls
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BEHAVIOUR OF THE HIGHER CLERGY
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behaviour of the higher clergy
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Who was Archbishop of Canterbury?
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William Warham
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How many parishes did he visit in Kent?
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260
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His actions were often deemed as ineffective or lacking in substance leading to arguments with other clergymen such as ... in ...?
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Foxe, 1511
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Who was Archbishop of York?
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Thomas Wolsey
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Key roles? (name one)
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Maintaining Papal relations, running the church, administrating the country as a whole
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How many sub-par/corrupt monastic houses did he dissolve?
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29
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Name one that he closed?
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Felixstowe
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Which type of monastic order did he demand reform from due to corruption?
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Benedictine
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Which school did he re-open and invest in?
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Ipswich School
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Which university did he invest in?
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Oxford
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What did he found?
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Cardinal College
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What did he do at St Paul's Cross in 1521?
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Lutheran Book Burning
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What corruption was he guilty of? (name both)
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Absenteeism, Pluralism
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Where did he hold positions? (name one)
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York, Durham, France
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Wolsey was accused of being too interested in material wealth and being a show-off, what was the name of his luxurious residence?
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Hampton Court
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What did Henry VIII often do, regarding the higher clergy, that the Pope should've done
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Appoint his own bishops, archbishops
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Bishop ... of ... was deemed as corrupt
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Fitzjames, London
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BEHAVIOUR OF THE LOWER CLERGY
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behaviour of the lower clergy
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Despite accusations of corruption being thrust at members of the English church, Italy and Germany was arguably more corrupt in practice. Why?
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European renaissance altering religious attitudes
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Evidence?
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Luther - a critic of the church and it's corruption, becoming so popular
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Why was the English church one of the best regulated?
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Strong support from the Crown (one of Europe's most effective governments)
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What % of the 2 million population were clergymen?
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2%
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How many clergymen?
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Roughly 30,000
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How many parishes?
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9000
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Name a vow the clergymen were supposed to uphold? (name one)
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Celibacy, Poverty
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There is little specific record/evidence of corruption within the lower clergy however with the wealth of the church and certain clergymen it seemed ironic they had taken a vow of poverty. What are some examples of ways the church could seem corrupt financially?
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Indulgences, mass fees, mortuary fees, donations to a church to earn credit in Christ's eyes
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ANTI-CLERICALISM + LITERATURE (also links to corruption)
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anti-clericalism
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Where was the majority of anti-clericalism present?
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South, specifically London
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Why was this the case?
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Spread of Lutheran + Renaissance ideas through European merchants
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When and where did parishioners reject their vicar during a visitation of a bishop's team?
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Bridge, 1511
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Why did they do this? (either reason) - this also links to corruption of lower clergy
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The vicar did not provide service and did not find pay a substitute to do so either, he denied sacraments to anyone who offended him
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In his 1511 visitation, the Kent Bishop found ... ... (who) in ... (where) refusing to pay his tithes? - 'he is evil disposed towards the church'
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Robert Trussel, Wichling
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In Kennington ... ... (who) heckled a preacher and ... ... ... (did what)?
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Richard Ricard, attacked a vicar
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Who wrote the ... tales, a literary attack on the clergy detailing their corruption?
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Chaucer, Canterbury
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Name the quote from the Tales regarding the monetary desires of the clergy?
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'I preach of nothing but greed'
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This led to accusations of him being a ...?
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Lollard
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This book was immensely popular and he was reprinted how many times?
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5
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Name the year of his last reprinting
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1526
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Who wrote ... of the beggars?
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Simon Fish, Supplication
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What did he describe the clergy as being?
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'ravenous wolves in sheep's clothing'
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What was a key theme in this book apart from anti-clericalism?
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Erastianism
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John Colet, a renaissance humanist was a dean where?
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St Paul's Cathedral
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Despite being a member of the clergy he was very critical of them. What year did he give a sermon at Convocation?
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1512
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Name one of the corruption's he accused the clergy of being guilty of.
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Material greed, Carnal pleasures, Pluralism, Absenteeism
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Despite his heavy criticism of corruption within the clergy, More was firmly Catholic and a staunch believer of orthodoxy. How can this be proved?
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His attack on Luther - calling him an 'ape' and 'drunkard'
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What did More say about priests?
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'Now runneth every rascal'
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