Biggest Cities of the Southern United States in 1860 with a Map

Try to name every city in the Southern U.S. that had a population of 1,000 in 1860, a year before the Civil War.
Population estimates mostly according to the US Census of 1860 (incomplete). Full list of sources used listed in this Pastebin.
Includes Missouri, which is not considered part of the South per the U.S. Census Bureau, but is often included especially in 19th century historiography
Border states and the Indian Territory coloured in light gray
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Dekkie
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Last updated: November 7, 2025
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First submittedNovember 4, 2025
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Alabama
29,258
Mobile
8,843
Montgomery
3,989
Tuscaloosa
3,800
Wetumpka
3,634
Huntsville
3,177
Selma
2,850
Eufaula
2,000
Tuscumbia
1,920
Cahaba
1,650
Greenville
1,600
Greensboro
1,600
Talladega
1,600
Tuskegee
1,500
Gainesville
1,500
Prattville
1,408
Marion
1,395
Florence
1,200
Eutaw
1,113
LaFayette
 
Arkansas
3,727
Little Rock
2,219
Camden
1,551
Helena
1,532
Fort Smith
1,396
Pine Bluff
 
 
Delaware
21,258
Wilmington
1,902
New Castle
1,873
Smyrna
1,355
Delaware City
1,289
Dover
1,178
Milford
 
 
District of Columbia
61,122
Washington
8,733
Georgetown
 
 
Florida
2,876
Pensacola
2,832
Key West
2,118
Jacksonville
1,932
Tallahassee
1,914
St. Augustine
1,904
Apalachicola
1,815
Milton
1,390
Fernandina
1,150
Ocala
1,083
Monticello
 
 
Georgia
22,292
Savannah
12,493
Augusta
9,621
Columbus
9,554
Atlanta
8,247
Macon
4,010
Rome
3,848
Athens
3,225
Newton
2,851
Griffin
2,546
Newnan
2,480
Milledgeville
2,400
Cartersville
2,009
Eatonton
2,000
Cuthbert
1,869
Bainbridge
1,649
Dalton
1,618
Albany
1,526
Palmetto
1,500
LaGrange
1,458
Thomasville
1,300
Covington
1,200
Marietta
Kentucky
68,033
Louisville
16,471
Covington
10,046
Newport
9,321
Lexington
4,962
Danville
4,590
Paducah
3,702
Frankfort
3,499
Maysville
3,000
Henderson
2,500
Bowling Green
2,308
Owensboro
2,289
Hopkinsville
1,706
Portland
1,684
Georgetown
1,668
Harrodsburg
1,511
Carrollton
1,440
Paris
1,237
Cynthiana
1,142
Versailles
1,142
Winchester
1,089
Russellville
1,046
Uniontown
1,006
Hickman
 
 
Louisiana
168,675
New Orleans
5,816
Algiers
5,428
Baton Rouge
5,107
Jefferson
2,190
Shreveport
1,756
Carrollton
1,663
Plaquemine
1,475
Donaldsonville
1,461
Alexandria
1,451
Homer
1,380
Thibodaux
1,260
Natchitoches
1,200
Monroe
1,144
Minden
1,100
Franklin
 
 
Maryland
212,418
Baltimore
8,142
Frederick
4,529
Annapolis
4,132
Hagerstown
4,078
Cumberland
1,963
Havre de Grace
1,862
Cambridge
1,650
Elkton
1,550
Westminster
1,539
Chestertown
1,500
Port Deposit
1,500
Salisbury
1,444
Ellicott's Mills
1,358
Easton
1,016
Saint Michaels
1,016
Williamsport
North Carolina
9,552
Wilmington
5,432
New Bern
4,790
Fayetteville
4,780
Raleigh
2,420
Salisbury
2,265
Charlotte
1,740
Hendersonville
1,610
Beaufort
1,599
Washington
1,520
Warrenton
1,504
Edenton
1,333
Kinston
1,048
Tarboro
 
 
Mississippi
6,612
Natchez
4,591
Vicksburg
3,308
Columbus
3,191
Jackson
2,987
Holly Springs
2,800
Aberdeen
1,500
Corinth
1,500
Hillsboro
1,500
Yazoo City
1,453
Port Gibson
 
 
Missouri
160,773
St. Louis
8,932
St. Joseph
6,505
Hannibal
4,418
Kansas City
4,122
Lexington
3,993
Carondelet
3,239
St. Charles
3,164
Independence
3,082
Jefferson City
2,663
Cape Girardeau
2,596
Boonville
2,436
Louisiana
1,999
Palmyra
1,810
Weston
1,496
Canton
1,414
Columbia
1,288
Liberty
1,281
La Grange
1,277
Ste. Genevieve
1,235
Springfield
1,103
Hermann
1,035
Glasgow
 
 
South Carolina
40,519
Charleston
8,052
Columbia
1,720
Georgetown
1,637
Newberry
1,621
Camden
1,518
Greenville
1,360
Yorkville
1,216
Spartanburg
1,119
Sumter
Tennesseee
22,623
Memphis
16,988
Nashville
5,300
Knoxville
4,069
Columbia
2,861
Murfreesboro
2,850
Clarksville
2,545
Chattanooga
2,407
Jackson
2,000
Franklin
1,908
Trenton
1,836
Edgefield
1,700
Lebanon
1,600
Pulaski
1,526
Somerville
1,213
Bolivar
1,200
Gallatin
1,137
Brownsville
1,112
La Grange
 
 
Texas
8,235
San Antonio
7,307
Galveston
4,845
Houston
3,494
Austin
2,734
Brownsville
1,986
Victoria
1,938
Palestine
1,863
Harrisburg
1,851
Lynchburg
1,740
New Braunfels
1,411
Marshall
1,256
Laredo
1,212
Goliad
1,200
Fredericksburg
1,150
Indianola
1,107
Bastrop
1,103
Gonzales
1,052
San Elizario
1,021
Tyler
1,003
Paris
 
 
Virginia
37,910
Richmond
18,266
Petersburg
14,620
Norfolk
14,083
Wheeling
12,652
Alexandria
9,496
Portsmouth
6,853
Lynchburg
5,022
Fredericksburg
4,392
Winchester
3,875
Staunton
3,500
Danville
3,364
Martinsburg
2,793
Manchester
2,700
Charlottesville
2,630
South Wheeling
2,493
Parkersburg
2,135
Lexington
1,848
Hampton
1,536
Farmville
1,520
Charleston
1,395
Suffolk
1,376
Charles Town
1,339
Harpers Ferry
1,219
Shepherdstown
1,130
Bolivar
1,111
Williamsburg
1,111
Wytheville
1,083
Leesburg
1,056
Fairfax
1,023
Harrisonburg
1,016
Mason
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5 Comments
+5
Level 61
Nov 7, 2025
The bad times, when West Virginia was still in Virginia.
+4
Level 75
Nov 7, 2025
Barely got over 100, somehow no points, but I'm still very glad I remembered the port of Apalachicola from Julia F. Smith's "Slavery and Plantation Growth in Antebellum Florida" which I read something like 4 years ago (and it's a great book, in particular for the economics of chattel slavery, the class divisions in the South, and the economic and political strategies the Southern aristocracy had in mind at the time ; whilst retaining anecdotes and many elements regarding the living and working conditions of the slaves).
+2
Level 61
Nov 7, 2025
Congrats on the feature!
+2
Level 55
Nov 7, 2025
Thanks!
+1
Level 47
Dec 1, 2025
I asked myself, "how is St Louis bigger than Atlanta, when it clearly is not?" But then I realized that it was in 1860