A Level Biology - Neuronal Communication

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Last updated: November 1, 2018

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Definition	Keyword
Neurones that carry an action potential from the CNS to the effector	Motor neurone
A chemical used as a signalling molecule between two neurones in a synapse	Neurotransmitter
Join sensory neurones to motor neurones	Relay neurones
Neurones that carry an action potential from the sensory receptor to the CNS	Sensory neurones
Cells/sensory nerve endings that respond to to a stimulus in the internal or external environment of an organism and can create action potentials	Sensory receptors
A brief reversal of the potential across the membrane of a neurone causing a peak of +40mV compared to the resting potential of -60mV	Action potential
A pressure sensor found in the skin	Pacinian corpuscle

Definition	Keyword
The potential difference across the membrane while the neurone is at rest	Resting potential
A synapse that uses acetylcholine as its neurotransmitter	Cholinergic synapse
A mechanism that increases a change taking the system further away from the optimum	Positive feedback
Has no individual layer of myelin	Non-myelinated neurone
A cell that converts one form of energy into another - in this case to an electrical impulse	Transducer
Occurs when the effects of several excitatory post-synaptic potentials are added together	Summation
Has an individual layer of myelin around it	Myelinated neurone