A Level PE - Energy Systems

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Last updated: February 3, 2018

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Defintion	Keyword
The fluid that surrounds the nucleus of a muscle fibre and is the site where anaerobic respiration takes place	Sacroplasm
A reaction that can occur without the presence of oxygen	Anaerobic
The only usable form of energy in the body	Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
A process in which glucose is converted to pyruvate to produce energy	Glycolysis
An energy-rich phosphate compound found in the sacroplasm of the muscles	Phosphocreatine (PC)
The process where lactic acid is transported in the blood to the liver where it is converted to blood glucose and glycogen	The Cori Cycle
The maximum volume of oxygen that can be taken up and utilised by the muscles per minute	V-O2 max
The restoration of ATP and PC stores and the re-saturation of myoglobin with oxygen	Fast component
The point when lactate levels go above 4 millimoles per litre	Onset of Blood Lactate Accumulation
Energy system that produces high powered energy for high intensity effort in events such as the 100m	ATP-PC
Type of training that aims to improve multi-directional movement through developing the neuromuscular system	Speed, Agility and Quickness Training

Defintion	Keyword
Involves repeated rapid stretching and contracting of muscles to increase muscle power	Plyometrics
A series of cyclical chemical reactions that take place using oxygen in the matrix of the mitochondrion	Krebs Cycle
When there is not enough oxygen available at the start of exercise to provide all the energy (ATP) aerobically	Oxygen deficit
The amount of oxygen consumed during recovery above that which would have been consumed at rest during the same time	Post Exercise Oxygen Consumption
Conversion of lactic acid back into pyruvic acid and oxidised into carbon dioxide and water in inactive muscles and organs after exercise	Slow component
Involves a series of chemical reactions in the cristae of the mitochondria where hydrogen is oxidised to water and 34 ATP are produced	Electron Transport Chain
The point during exercise at which lactic acid quickly accumulates in the blood	Lactate Threshold
The calculation of heat in physical changes and chemical reactions	Calorimetry
Usually done at 2500m+ above sea level where the partial pressure of oxygen is lower	Altitude Training
The ratio carbon dioxide produced compared to oxygen consumed	Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER)