Edexcel History 9. Germany Divided and Reunited

Question or Term

Answer

The country which Adenauer pushed for closer relations and ties with, seeing it as crucial for stability, peace, and prosperity in Europe

May to September 1990 negotiations between the two Germanys and the Four Powers (Allied Control Council) agreeing on a unified Germany within NATO which would help fund Soviet withdrawal and pay compensation to Soviet soldiers now out of work

An extensive questionnaire devised by British though mostly American occupying forces to determine which Germans had been associated with the Nazis, eventually required of all Germans applying for work, ration cards, etc.

A 1972 treaty in which the FRG recognised the existing borders of the GDR and each accepted the other's sovereignty

That the origins of which were to clarify the FRG's establishing of relations with the Soviet Union as a singular act in recognition of its privileged status as an occupying power

A series of thirteen war crimes trials conducted by the Allies to try and convict Nazis, 22 being tried in the first trial of whom half were executed

That country the foreign debt of which increased from 2.2bn DM in 1970 to 34.7bn DM in 1987

The year in which the Federal Republic of Germany joined NATO and introduced compulsory military service (with the alternative option of civilian or honorary (civil protection) service for those that objected) with popular if not SPD or Church support

Gorbachev's 1986-91 policy of increased openness and transparency, encouraging public scrutiny and discussion to recognise and address the shortcomings of the Soviet system

A summer 1945 conference in which the UK, USA, and USSR agreed on the division and administration of Germany and Austria

Question or Term

Answer

That individual whose unrelenting hard-line attitude - unsuccessfully calling on direct Soviet military intervention - accelerated the collapse of the GDR

He who consented to a unified Germany within NATO as it was an inevitability and he needed West German loans for the failing Soviet Economy, having been rejected by the USA and UK

A peoples party, such as the CDU or SPD under the Godesberg Program of 1959, seeking to represent all interest via moderate policies, entering government as part of a grand coalition of the first time in 1966 under Willy Brandt

The highest court in Germany created under the Basic Law, to protect the Constitution, settle disputes between the federal government and Länder, and reduce the possibility of extremist parties gaining power

That policy of Willy Brandt's which tried to alleviate the fears and criticisms of the CDU by emphasising that though two states existed within Germany, they could not be 'foreign' to each other

Leader of the GDR from December 1989 to April 1990 and pro-reform SED member who announced respect for the rule of law and free and fair elections, though failed to stem the flow of emigrants (75,000 in January 1990 alone)

The charismatic 'right-wing' SPD mayor of West Berlin who helped revitalise the party and unite it around the Godesberg Program in 1959, though not becoming leader until 1964

The four principles on which the Basic Law were based, alphabetically

The two key parties that formed in West Germany in 1945 alphabetically, the former being an amalgamation of former liberal and conservative parties with many former members of the re-established Centre Party, and the latter a party refounded much in the same form as when dissolved

Leader of the SPD from 1952 to 1963 whose lack of coherent leadership or reform led to a period of decline and electoral defeats for the party, notably in 1953 and 1957