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Question or Term
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Answer
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That policy of Willy Brandt's which tried to alleviate the fears and criticisms of the CDU by emphasising that though two states existed within Germany, they could not be 'foreign' to each other
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Ostpolitik
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That area which under the Basic Law remained under Allied military occupation as the USSR would not allow otherwise, its population being non-voting citizens able only to elect observers to the Bundesrat, though otherwise sharing the same rights and liberties as well as the rarely used ability to reject federal laws
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West Berlin
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Leader of the GDR from October to December 1989 who (though continuing anti-Western propaganda) tried to appease protesters (1m in East Berlin on 4th November alone) by reorganising the leadership and easing travel restrictions, only encouraging protesters further
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Egon Krenz
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The first all-German free and fair elections since 1932, returning a CDU-Free Democratic Party coalition, the PDS winning 2.6% of seats
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December 1990 Federal Election
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That the fall of which harmed the GDR's economy as it now had to compete with the much more advanced FRG
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Berlin Wall
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The heavily patrolled and restricted border between Eastern and Western Europe, effectively breached by Hungary in 1989
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Iron Curtain
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That which arose between West and East Germany after reunification due to West German resentment at higher taxes to regenerate the East, East German reminiscence of job security and social welfare, and continuing East-West inequality
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Tensions
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The only leader of the Four Powers who did not show disquiet or alarm to Helmut Kohl's Ten Point Plan
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George H. W. Bush
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Civilian tribunals set up by the British and Americans to conduct hearings of suspected Nazi collaborators, mostly whitewashed along with the Fragebogen by suspects obtaining positive personal testimony and criticised for disproportionately effecting average civilians over serious collaborators
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Spruchkammer
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The communist country formed in 1949 out of the easternmost part of Germany, constituting the former Soviet occupation zone
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German Democratic Republic
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That of the GDR which had large flaws from the 1970's onward in the form of shortages of consumer goods due to its planned nature, rising costs of energy and raw materials due to a lack of domestic supply and the 1973 and 1979 oil crises, over-dependence on FRG loans and trade, and hugely expensive social welfare reforms
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Economy
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That election in the GDR after which a CDU, SPD, League of Free Democrats coalition formed a government, while a subsequent introduction at a 1:1 exchange rate of the FRG currency and inflow of FRG goods saw the GDR economy completely collapse
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March 1990
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The 1949 FRG Constitution (intended to be provisional), written on the urgent instigation of the Western Allies, particularly the US as the Cold War developed, leading them to drop demands for reform and denazification
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Basic Law
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The charismatic 'right-wing' SPD mayor of West Berlin who helped revitalise the party and unite it around the Godesberg Program in 1959, though not becoming leader until 1964
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Willy Brandt
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A summer 1945 conference in which the UK, USA, and USSR agreed on the division and administration of Germany and Austria
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Potsdam Conference
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The reduction in factory productivity experienced in the GDR during the refugee crisis as many workers needed for production were leaving the country
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50%
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East German nostalgia for old GDR goods and services such as Trabant tours of Berlin
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Ostalgia
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Gorbachev's 1986-91 policy of increased openness and transparency, encouraging public scrutiny and discussion to recognise and address the shortcomings of the Soviet system
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Glasnost
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That the key points of which were to achieve peaceful and sustained reunification by; providing humanitarian assistance, continuing cooperation with the GDR (and expanding it subject to democratisation and liberalisation), forming a confederation with the aim of federation, unifying Germany within the framework of East-West relations, integrating the GDR into the common market, and accelerating European disarmament
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Kohl's Ten Point Plan
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FRG CDU Chancellor from 1982 to 1998 who pursued a policy of maintaining balance and stability in Europe through East-West cooperation and on supporting and reforming/democratising the GDR rather than seeking reunification
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Helmut Kohl
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