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Biggest Immigrant Groups by Decade in the UK

For each decade, name the 10 countries which were the largest source of foreign-born residents in England and Wales.
Source 1 (figure 2a)
Source for 2021
Quiz by
relessness
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Last updated: December 23, 2025
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First submittedOctober 7, 2015
Times taken25,528
Average score72.2%
Rating4.63
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2021
2011
2001
1991
1981
1971
1961
1951
India
India
Ireland
Ireland
Ireland
Ireland
Ireland
Ireland
Poland
Poland
India
India
India
India
India
Poland
Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan
Jamaica
Germany
India
Romania
Ireland
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Poland
Germany
Ireland
Germany
Bangladesh
Jamaica
Jamaica
Pakistan
Jamaica
Russia
Italy
Bangladesh
Jamaica
United States
United States
Poland
United States
United States
Bangladesh
Nigeria
United States
Kenya
Kenya
Italy
Italy
Canada
Nigeria
South Africa
South Africa
Bangladesh
Italy
United States
Russia
Italy
Germany
United States
Kenya
Italy
Poland
Cyprus
Canada
Australia
South Africa
Jamaica
Italy
Cyprus
Cyprus
Kenya
Cyprus
France
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33 Comments
Evenultrapawn
+10
Level 65
Dec 23, 2025
Very interesting. As a Londoner, I'm shocked not to see China on there, I know so many Chinese people, and many Turks too. While places like the Indian subcontinent, Poland and Nigeria were no surprise in 2021, I would never guess Romania at fourth, I don't know any Romanians, and I didn't know South Africans or Italians were so common either. I know some Germans, but as for why they immigrated here, I'm not quite sure, Germany's doing great. Ireland as well, I think their GDP per capita is almost 2x that of the UK, and they are still 5th, ahead of Bangladesh and Nigeria, with populations 30-50x bigger. I only missed Jamaica and Cyprus, with their small populations - Jamaica I should have got but Cyprus was a surprise. Poland, it seems, has been a mainstay since the 1950s, but its modern dominance along with India is incredible - I saw a map showing the biggest immigrant group in every western region of the UK (and the northeast) was Poles and in every eastern region, Indians.
Quizmaster
+11
Level ∞
Dec 23, 2025
I doubt Poland will be on the list in 2031. The economy of Poland is booming and many Polish people in the UK are returning home.

If current trends continue, its quite likely that, by 2031, Poland will be richer than the UK in terms of per capita GDP!

hwes
+2
Level 89
Mar 27, 2026
Poland is the largest beneficiary from the EU receiving over 11 billion euros. Twice the amount of the next country. Without the subsidy, the Polish economy will deflate.
deepfern
+3
Level 66
Mar 27, 2026
The economy would likely slow down significantly, but not necessarily "deflate" (a general decline in prices usually accompanied by a severe recession). The economy would likely slow down significantly, but not necessarily "deflate" (a general decline in prices usually accompanied by a severe recession).
cameoman
+3
Level 40
Jan 12, 2026
maybe the chinese are from hongkong from before 1997
QuizApe
+3
Level 73
Mar 27, 2026
Seemingly every town has multiple Turkish barbers
Constantinos
+3
Level 75
Dec 23, 2025
I have got Cyprus after I have tried every possible country...and that as lucky guess due its connection to UK. Numbers since then have declined as Cypriots tend to move outside UK even those who were born there from first place.
toowise
+11
Level 81
Dec 23, 2025
Where I work there are 45 truck drivers, and around 15 or so support staff. Out of that number there are 3 Poles, 2 Romanians, an English guy that came back from South Africa after 20 odd years, and an Irish guy. From the remaining British people there are 2 that have Polish wives, and one that has a Japanese girlfriend. We're a diverse lot in the UK.
FreeStater
+8
Level 81
Dec 23, 2025
Cyprus is quite impressive for such a small country.
Etanna
+4
Level 73
Dec 23, 2025
Jamaica, too. I expected more large countries (except for Canada, which surprised me:D) and also European war-torn countries (former Yugoslav countries in the 1990s, Ukraine post Crimea etc.)
Djilas
+1
Level 86
Dec 23, 2025
This format doesn't work in the mobile version.
Quizmaster
+1
Level ∞
Dec 23, 2025
Added scroll mode.
fuanacdc
+1
Level 89
Dec 23, 2025
I wonder why are the Polish moving to the UK once again.
duckwantbread
+6
Level 66
Dec 24, 2025
They aren't, it's based on the number of people residing in the UK in that year, not how many immigrated that year. Between 2017 and 2021 there was a net migration of -240,000 Poles in the UK, but that still left 682,000 in the country which is why Poland remains in the top 10.
Emchupi
+14
Level 77
Dec 24, 2025
Ethnic substitution...

Sad to see most white countries in this situation...

Alexquiz17
+20
Level 95
Dec 26, 2025
Hmmm…There’s a suspicious comment if ever I saw one.

The British press have been obsessed by this topic for as long as I can remember. Like, demented, like a dog with a bone…

Eggsforhire
+13
Level 46
Mar 27, 2026
White British people are on track to becoming a minority in our own country. These are scary times. Similar thing is happening in many other European countries too.
dDec
+6
Level 58
Mar 27, 2026
Centuries of colonisation, subjugation and ethnic cleansing coming home to roost eh, what a surprise.
JonOfKent
+3
Level 61
Mar 27, 2026
Colonisation and subjugation yes, I'm not so sure about the ethnic cleansing though. There was at least one place (in the Pacific I think, I forget which) which at some point asked to become a British possession, which seems unlikely if they were going in for that kind of thing
Remster
+2
Level 81
Mar 27, 2026
Indeed. We never should have colonised Poland.
azerifactory
+1
Level 47
Dec 26, 2025
Great quiz
BMull28
+1
Level 55
Jan 8, 2026
No East Asia is surprising. I managed to miss USA, Canada and Australia
political06
+1
Level 32
Mar 27, 2026
Anyone know why Cyprus is here?
agentfouser
+2
Level 43
Mar 27, 2026
because there are lots of Cypriots in Britain
timshorts
+1
Level 62
Mar 27, 2026
Probably because of past disagreements between Turkish Cypriots and Greek Cypriots - and the British didn't really care too much which side they were on in that dispute - plus WW2 allegiances.

I was also quite surprised to see no mention of China or Vietnam.

workie
+5
Level 70
Mar 27, 2026
The Polish will return to Poland, as it is much better country than the UK is now.

The UK is fast becoming a third world country, full of layabouts, criminals, litter and high streets taken over by drug laundering fronts.Very sad to see what has happend to the UK.

Pontiac
+2
Level 62
Apr 20, 2026
Poland is the shining light of Europe
merterhenz
+1
Level 86
Mar 27, 2026
Quite surprised not to see Hungary on the list in 1971
hwes
+1
Level 89
Mar 27, 2026
I would have expected 1961 as the revolt was in 1956. Also surprised not to see any Yugo countries.
JonOfKent
+1
Level 61
Mar 27, 2026
How did I miss Jamaica?? Idiot
TeaWithToast
+1
Level 70
Mar 27, 2026
How did I miss Ireland.... I guess it's just too obvious of an answer
BenitoJuarez09
+1
Level 50
Apr 1, 2026
How is Ireland not the most guessed??
simon321
+1
Level 49
Apr 2, 2026
With Germany and probably Cyprus, probably connected to large numbers of British armed forces stationed over there for long periods. Often dual citizenship, but still counted in migration figures when they returned to the UK
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