The population of Cambodia declined during the regime of Pol Pot, but has since rebounded to all-time highs.
| Year | Population |
| 1950 | 4432714 |
| 1951 | 4537675 |
| 1952 | 4656424 |
| 1953 | 4783195 |
| 1954 | 4913741 |
| 1955 | 5045288 |
| 1956 | 5176642 |
| 1957 | 5308126 |
| 1958 | 5441323 |
| 1959 | 5578688 |
| 1960 | 5722370 |
| 1961 | 5872966 |
| 1962 | 6028431 |
| 1963 | 6183584 |
| 1964 | 6331449 |
| 1965 | 6467197 |
| 1966 | 6585035 |
| 1967 | 6685960 |
| 1968 | 6779787 |
| 1969 | 6880623 |
| 1970 | 6996576 |
| 1971 | 7139647 |
| 1972 | 7302111 |
| 1973 | 7449238 |
| 1974 | 7533336 |
| 1975 | 7524447 |
| 1976 | 7404684 |
| 1977 | 7196042 |
| 1978 | 6957265 |
| 1979 | 6770396 |
| 1980 | 6693764 |
| 1981 | 6749847 |
| 1982 | 6919801 |
| 1983 | 7169997 |
| 1984 | 7447853 |
| 1985 | 7714880 |
| 1986 | 7960949 |
| 1987 | 8198082 |
| 1988 | 8435912 |
| 1989 | 8691334 |
| 1990 | 8975597 |
| 1991 | 9289299 |
| 1992 | 9623889 |
| 1993 | 9970733 |
| 1994 | 10317899 |
| 1995 | 10656138 |
| 1996 | 10982917 |
| 1997 | 11298600 |
| 1998 | 11600508 |
| 1999 | 11886458 |
| 2000 | 12155239 |
| 2001 | 12405408 |
| 2002 | 12637727 |
| 2003 | 12856163 |
| 2004 | 13066469 |
| 2005 | 13273354 |
| 2006 | 13477709 |
| 2007 | 13679962 |
| 2008 | 13883834 |
| 2009 | 14093604 |
| 2010 | 14312212 |
| 2011 | 14541423 |
| 2012 | 14780454 |
| 2013 | 15026332 |
| 2014 | 15274503 |
| 2015 | 15521436 |
| 2016 | 15766292 |
| 2017 | 16009409 |
| 2018 | 16249792 |
| 2019 | 16486542 |
| 2020 | 16718965 |
