Countries that Capital Cities have Belonged To Since 1500 R-Z

Listed in order of when they had control name the countries that owned every capital city (or a previous settlement in the same location).
From 1500 AD Onward
Some countries may overlap.
Note that some of the symbols are purely for illustrative purposes and may not have been real/are poorly sourced. I've tried to find accurate ones though.
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Last updated: June 6, 2025
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Capital City
Years
Countries
Symbol
Riga
1207 - 1561
Terra Mariana
1561 - 1583
Free Imperial City of Riga
1583 - 1621
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1621 - 1710
Swedish Empire
1710 - 1721
Tsardom of Russia
1721 - 1914
Russian Empire
1914 - 1918
German Empire
1918 - 1920
Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic
1918 - 1940
Latvia
1941 - 1945
Reichskommissariat Ostland
1940 - 1991
Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic
1991 - Now
Latvia
Riyadh
<500 - 1500s
Banu Hanifa / Hajr al-Yamamah
 
1746 - 1773
Chieftaincy of Riyadh / Dahham ibn Dawwas
1773 - 1818
Emirate of Diriyah
1818 - 1820
Mu'ammarid Imamate
1820 - 1891
Emirate of Nejd
1836 - 1902
Emirate of Jabal Shammar
1902 - 1913
Emirate of Riyadh
1913 - 1921
Emirate of Nejd and Hasa
1921 - 1926
Sultanate of Nejd
1926 - 1932
Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd
1932 - Now
Saudi Arabia
Rome
756 - 1870
Papal States
1870 - 1946
Kingdom of Italy
1943 - 1945
Italian Social Republic
1946 - Now
Italy
Roseau
1300s - 1715
Kalinago
 
1715 - 1763
French Empire
1763 - 1871
Colony of Dominica
1871 - 1958
British Leeward Islands
1958 - 1962
West Indies Federation
1962 - 1967
Dominica
1967 - 1978
Dominica (Associated States)
1978 - Now
Dominica
San José
? - 1543
Huetares
 
1543 - 1609
Real Audiencia of Guatemala
1609 - 1821
Captaincy General of Guatemala
1822 - 1823
Mexican Empire
1823 - 1838
Federal Republic of Central America
1838 - 1847
Free State of Costa Rica
1848 - 1948
First Costa Rican Republic
1948 - Now
Costa Rica
San Marino
301 - Now
San Marino
1503 - 1503 1739 - 1740
Papal States
1944 - 1944
Nazi Germany
San Salvador
700 - 1543
Kuskatan / Pipil
1543 - 1609
Real Audiencia of Guatemala
1609 - 1821
Captaincy General of Guatemala
1822 - 1823
Mexican Empire
1823 - 1841
Federal Republic of Central America
1841 - Now
El Salvador
Sana'a
1300s - 1547 1567 - 1583 1849 - 1873
Zaydiyya
1504 - 1504
Tahirid Sultanate
1547 - 1567 1583 - 1628 1873 - 1918
Ottoman Empire
1628 - 1849
Qasimid State
1918 - 1962
Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen
1962 - 1990
Yemen Arab Republic
1990 - 2015
Yemen
2015 - Now
Yemen / Ansar Allah
Santiago
1438 - 1542
Inca Empire
1542 - 1810 1814 - 1817
Captaincy General of Chile
1810 - 1814
Kingdom of Chile
1817 - 1823
Republic of Chile
1823 - 1830
Republic of Chile
1831 - 1973
Republic of Chile
1924 - 1925
September Junta
1973 - 1990
Government Junta of Chile
1990 - Now
Republic of Chile
Santo Domingo
1492 - 1795 1809 - 1821
Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
1795 - 1809
Capitainerie générale de Santo Domingo
1821 - 1822
Republic of Spanish Haiti
1822 - 1844
Republic of Haiti
1844 - 1861
Dominican Republic
1861 - 1865
Province of Santo Domingo
1865 - Now
Dominican Republic
São Tomé
1470 - 1752
Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe
1752 - 1951
Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe
1951 - 1975
Overseas Province of São Tomé and Príncipe
1975 - Now
São Tomé and Príncipe
Sarajevo
1463 - 1878
Ottoman Empire
1878 - 1918
Bosnia and Herzegovina
1918 - 1918
State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
1918 - 1929
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
1929 - 1943
Kingdom of Yugoslavia
1943 - 1945
Independent State of Croatia
1945 - 1945
Democratic Federal Yugoslavia
1945 - 1992
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
1992 - 1995
Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
1995 - Now
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Seoul
1392 - 1897
Joseon
1897 - 1910
Korean Empire
1910 - 1945
Japanese Korea
1945 - 1946
People's Republic of Korea
1945 - 1948
United States Army Military Government in Korea
1948 - Now
South Korea
Singapore
1409 - 1528
Malacca Sultanate
1528 - 1819
Johor Sultanate
1819 - 1826
Crown Colony of Singapore
1826 - 1942
Straits Settlements
1942 - 1945
Syonan Island
1945 - 1946
British Military Administration of Malaya
1946 - 1963
Colony of Singapore / State of Singapore
1963 - 1965
State of Singapore
1965 - Now
Singapore
Skopje
1395 - 1912
Ottoman Empire
1912 - 1915
Kingdom of Serbia
1915 - 1918 1941 - 1944
Tsardom of Bulgaria
1918 - 1929
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
1929 - 1941
Kingdom of Yugoslavia
1941 - 1941
Nazi Germany
1944 - 1991
Democratic Federal Macedonia
1991 - 2019
Macedonia
2019 - Now
North Macedonia
Sofia
1396 - 1878
Ottoman Empire
1877 - 1879
Provisional Russian Administration in Bulgaria
1878 - 1908
Principality of Bulgaria
1908 - 1946
Tsardom of Bulgaria
1946 - 1990
People's Republic of Bulgaria
1990 - Now
Bulgaria
South Tarawa
200 BC - 1892
Tungaru (Auatubu / Teabike)
 
1892 - 1975
Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony
1975 - 1979
Colony of Gilbert Islands
1979 - Now
Kiribati
Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte
1371 - 1565 1594 - 1597
Kingdom of Kotte
1565 - 1594
Kingdom of Sitawaka
1594 - 1658
Portuguese Ceylon
1658 - 1796
Dutch Ceylon
1796 - 1948
British Ceylon
1948 - 1972
Dominion of Ceylon
1972 - Now
Sri Lanka
St George's
? - 1649
Kalinago
 
1649 - 1763
French Grenada
1763 - 1833
British Grenada
1833 - 1958
British Windward Islands
1958 - 1962
West Indies Federation
1962 - 1967
British Grenada
1967 - 1974
British Grenada (Associated State)
1974 - Now
Grenada
St. John's
1500 - 1632
Kalinago
 
1632 - 1671
British West Indies
1671 - 1816 1833 - 1958
British Leeward Islands
1816 - 1833
Colony of Antigua
1958 - 1962
West Indies Federation
1962 - 1967
Colony of Antigua
1967 - 1981
Colony of Antigua (Associated State)
1981 - Now
Antigua and Barbuda
Stockholm
1000 - 1814
Kingdom of Sweden
1397 - 1523
Kalmar Union
1814 - 1905
United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
1905 - Now
Sweden
Sucre
1477 - 1538
Inca Empire / Charcas
1538 - 1559
Spanish Empire
1559 - 1776
Real Audiencia de Charcas
1776 - 1825
Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
1825 - 1825
Upper Peru
Republic of Bolívar
1825 - 1836
Republic of Bolivia
1836 - 1839
Peru–Bolivian Confederation
1839 - 1879
Republic of Bolivia
1880 - 1899
Republic of Bolivia
1899 - 1920
Republic of Bolivia
1920 - 1936
Republic of Bolivia
1936 - 1952
Republic of Bolivia
1952 - 1964
Republic of Bolivia
1964 - 1982
Republic of Bolivia
1982 - 2010
Republic of Bolivia
2010 - Now
Bolivia
Suva
? - 1871
Rewa / Roko Tui Dreketi
 
1871 - 1874
Kingdom of Fiji
1874 - 1970
Colony of Fiji
1970 - 1987
Dominion of Fiji
1987 - Now
Fiji
Taipei
? - 1626 1668 - 1683
Ketagalan / Basay
 
1626 - 1642
Spanish Formosa
1642 - 1668
Dutch Formosa
1683 - 1895
Great Qing
1895 - 1895
Republic of Formosa
1895 - 1945
Japanese Empire
1945 - Now
Taiwan
Tallinn
1207 - 1561
Terra Mariana
1561 - 1710
Swedish Empire
1710 - 1721
Tsardom of Russia
1721 - 1917
Governorate of Estonia
1917 - 1917
Russian Republic
1917 - 1918
Russian Soviet Republic
1918 - 1940 1944 - 1944
Republic of Estonia
1918 - 1918
German Empire
1940 - 1941 1944 - 1991
Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
1941 - 1944
Reichskommissariat Ostland
1991 - Now
Estonia
Tashkent
1336 - 1500
Timurid Empire
1501 - 1598
Khanate of Bukhara
1598 - 1784
Kazakh Khanate
Tashkent
1784 - 1808
Tashkent
1809 - 1865
Khanate of Kokand
1865 - 1917
Russian Empire
1917 - 1917
Russian Republic
1917 - 1924
Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
1924 - 1991
Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic
1991 - Now
Uzbekistan
Tbilisi
1478 - 1762
Kingdom of Kartli
1762 - 1795
Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti
1795 - 1801
Qajar Iran
1801 - 1917
Russian Empire
1917 - 1917
Russian Republic
1917 - 1918
Transcaucasian Commissariat
1918 - 1918
Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
1918 - 1921
Democratic Republic of Georgia
1921 - 1922
Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
1922 - 1936
Transcaucasian SFSR
1936 - 1991
Soviet Union
1991 - Now
Georgia
Tegucigalpa
? - 1578
Lenca / Jicaque
1578 - 1609
Real Audiencia of Guatemala
1609 - 1821
Captaincy General of Guatemala
1822 - 1823
Mexican Empire
1823 - 1838
Federal Republic of Central America
1838 - Now
Honduras
Tehran
1378 - 1501
Aq Qoyunlu
1501 - 1736
Safavid Empire
1736 - 1778
Afsharid Empire
1778 - 1794
Zand State of Iran
1794 - 1925
Qajar Iran
1925 - 1979
Pahlavi Iran
1979 - Now
Iran
Thimphu
1300s - 1616
Drukpa Kagyu Chieftaincies
1616 - Now
Bhutan
Tirana
1479 - 1912
Ottoman Empire
1912 - 1914
Independent Albania
1914 - 1925
Principality of Albania
1913 - 1913
Kingdom of Serbia
 
1925 - 1928
Albanian Republic
1928 - 1939
Albanian Kingdom
1939 - 1943
Italian protectorate of Albania
1943 - 1944
Albanian Kingdom
1944 - 1946
Democratic Government of Albania
1946 - 1976
People's Republic of Albania
1976 - 1991
People's Socialist Republic of Albania
1991 - Now
Albania
Tokyo
1456 - 1524
Uesugi Clan
1524 - 1590
Later Hōjō Clan
1590 - 1603
Toyotomi Clan
1603 - 1868
Tokugawa Shogunate
1868 - 1945
Empire of Japan
1945 - 1952
Allied-occupation of Japan
1952 - Now
Japan
Tripoli
1401 - 1551
Hafsid Dynasty
1551 - 1911
Ottoman Tripolitania
1711 - 1832
Karamanli Dynasty
1911 - 1943
Italian Libya
1943 - 1951
British Military Administration of Libya
1951 - 1969
Kingdom of Libya
1969 - 1977
Libyan Arab Republic
1977 - 2011
Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
Tripoli
2011 - Now
Libya
Tunis
1229 - 1574
Hafsid Dynasty
1574 - 1881
Eyalet of Tunis / Beylik of Tunis
1881 - 1956
French protectorate of Tunisia
1956 - 1957
Kingdom of Tunisia
1957 - Now
Tunisia
Ulaanbaatar
1478 - 1634
Northern Yuan
1634 - 1690
Khalkha Mongols
 
1690 - 1696
Dzungar Khanate
1696 - 1911
Great Qing
1911 - 1919 1921 - 1921
Bogd Khanate of Mongolia
1919 - 1921
Republic of China (Beiyang)
1921 - 1924
Provisional Mongolian People's Government / Bolsheviks
1924 - 1992
Mongolian People's Republic
1992 - Now
Mongolia
Vaduz
1342 - 1719
County of Vaduz
1719 - Now
Liechtenstein
Valletta
1130 - 1530
Kingdom of Sicily
1530 - 1798
Hospitaller Malta
1798 - 1800
French occupation of Malta
1800 - 1813
Malta Protectorate
1813 - 1964
Crown Colony of Malta
1964 - 1974
State of Malta
1974 - Now
Malta
Vatican City
754 - 1870
Papal States
1798 - 1799
Roman Republic
1870 - 1929
Kingdom of Italy
1929 - Now
Vatican City
Victoria
1770 - 1810
Isle of Seychelles
1810 - 1903
Semi-Independent Seychelles with French and (Primarily) British Oversight
 
1903 - 1976
Colony of Seychelles
1976 - 1977
First Republic of Seychelles
1977 - 1991
Second Republic of Seychelles
1991 - Now
Seychelles
Vienna
1453 - 1804
Archduchy of Austria
1804 - 1867
Austrian Empire
1867 - 1918
Cisleithania
1918 - 1919
Republic of German-Austria
1919 - 1934
First Austrian Republic
1934 - 1938
Federal State of Austria
1938 - 1945
Nazi Germany
1945 - Now
Austria
Vientiane
1353 - 1707
Lan Xang
 
1707 - 1765
Kingdom of Vientiane
1765 - 1779
Konbaung Empire
1779 - 1893
Rattanakosin Kingdom
1893 - 1953
French Protectorate of Laos
1945 - 1945
Kingdom of Luang Prabang
1945 - 1946
Lao Issara
 
1953 - 1975
Kingdom of Laos
1975 - Now
Laos
Vilnius
1263 - 1569
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
1569 - 1795
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1795 - 1914
Russian Empire
1812 - 1812
Lithuanian Provisional Governing Commission
1914 - 1918
Ober Ost
1918 - 1918
Kingdom of Lithuania
1918 - 1940
Republic of Lithuania
1940 - 1990
Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic
1941 - 1945
Reichskommissariat Ostland
1990 - Now
Lithuania
Warsaw
1385 - 1569
Kingdom of Poland
1569 - 1795
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1795 - 1807
Kingdom of Prussia
1807 - 1815
Duchy of Warsaw
1815 - 1915
Congress Poland
1831 - 1831
Polish National Government
1915 - 1918
General Governorate of Warsaw
1917 - 1918
Kingdom of Poland
1918 - 1939
Second Polish Republic
1939 - 1939
Military Administration in Poland
1939 - 1945
General Government
1945 - 1945
Provisional Government of the Republic of Poland
1945 - 1947
Provisional Government of National Unity
1947 - 1989
Polish People's Republic
1989 - Now
Poland
Washington, D.C.
2000 BC - 1662
Piscataway / Nacotchtank / Patawomeck / Doeg
 
1662 - 1775
British America
1775 - 1776
United Colonies
1776 - 1789
United States of America
1789 - Now
United States of America
Wellington
1320 - 1835
Māori
1788 - 1841
Colony of New South Wales
1835 - 1840
United Tribes of New Zealand
1841 - 1907
Colony of New Zealand
1907 - 1947
Dominion of New Zealand
1947 - Now
Aotearoa / New Zealand
Windhoek
? - 1884
Damara / Herero / Nama / San
 
1884 - 1915
German South West Africa
1915 - 1990
South West Africa
1990 - Now
Namibia
Yamoussoukro
1730 - 1893
Baoulé Kingdom
1893 - 1958
French Ivory Coast
1958 - 1960
Republic of Ivory Coast
1960 - 1986
Republic of Ivory Coast
1986 - Now
Côte d'Ivoire
Yaoundé
? - 1884
Beti / Bassa / Fang / Ewondo / Baka / Fulani
 
1884 - 1916
German Kamerun
1916 - 1960
French Cameroun
1961 - 1972
Federal Republic of Cameroon
1972 - 1984
United Republic of Cameroon
1984 - Now
Cameroon
Yaren
1000 BC - 1888
Nauru
 
1888 - 1914
German New Guinea
1914 - 1947
British Empire
1942 - 1945
Japanese Empire
1947 - 1968
Trust Territory of Nauru
1968 - Now
Nauru
Yerevan
1400s - 1502
Aq Qoyunlu
1502 - 1736
Safavid Empire
1736 - 1796
Afsharid Empire
1796 - 1828
Qajar Dynasty
1828 - 1917
Russian Empire
1917 - 1917
Russian Republic
1918 - 1918
Transcaucasian Commissariat
Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
1918 - 1920
Republic of Armenia
1920 - 1922
Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic
1922 - 1936
Transcaucasian SFSR
1936 - 1990
Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic
1991 - Now
Armenia
Zagreb
1102 - 1526
Kingdom of Croatia
1526 - 1804
Kingdom of Croatia
1804 - 1867
Kingdom of Croatia
1867 - 1918
Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia
1918 - 1918
State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
1918 - 1929
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
1929 - 1941
Kingdom of Yugoslavia
1941 - 1945
Independent State of Croatia
1945 - 1945
Democratic Federal Yugoslavia
1945 - 1992
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
1992 - Now
Croatia
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