Countries that Capital Cities have Belonged To Since 1500 K-R

Listed in order of when they had control name the countries that owned every capital city (or a previous settlement in the same location).
From 1500 AD Onward
Some countries may overlap.
Note that some of the symbols are purely for illustrative purposes and may not have been real/are poorly sourced. I've tried to find accurate ones though.
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Last updated: June 6, 2025
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First submittedSeptember 4, 2024
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Capital City
Years
Countries
Symbol
Kampala
1300s - 1894
Buganda
1894 - 1962
Protectorate of Uganda
1962 - 1963
Uganda
1963 - Now
Uganda
Kathmandu
1201 - 1769
Malla Confederacy
1769 - 2008
Kingdom of Nepal
2008 - Now
Nepal
Khartoum
700 - 1500
Alodia
1504 - 1821
Funj Sultanate
1821 - 1867
Ottoman Empire
1867 - 1885
Khedivate of Egypt
1885 - 1898
Mahdist State
1898 - 1956
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
1956 - 1969
Republic of the Sudan
1969 - 1985
Democratic Republic of the Sudan
1985 - 2019
Republic of the Sudan
2019 - Now
Sudan
Kigali
1400s - 1891
Kingdom of Rwanda
 
1891 - 1919
German East Africa
1919 - 1922
Mandate of Ruanda-Urundi
1922 - 1962
Trust Territory of Ruanda-Urundi
1962 - 1962
Kingdom of Rwanda
1962 - Now
Rwanda
Kingston
~1000 BC - 1509
Taíno
 
1509 - 1655
Spanish Santiago
1655 - 1962
Colony of Jamaica
1962 - Now
Jamaica
Kingstown
1400s - 1763
Kalinago
 
1763 - 1838
Colony of Saint Vincent
1838 - 1958
British Windward Islands
1958 - 1962
West Indies Federation
1962 - 1967
Colony of Saint Vincent
1967 - 1979
Colony of Saint Vincent (Associated State)
1979 - Now
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Kinshasa
1390 - 1877
Kingdom of Kongo
1877 - 1908
Congo Free State
1908 - 1960
Belgian Congo
1960 - 1964
Congo-Léopoldville
1964 - 1971
Democratic Republic of the Congo
1971 - 1997
Zaïre
1997 - Now
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Kuala Lumpur
1400 - 1528
Malacca Sultanate
1528 - 1826
Johor Sultanate
1826 - 1946
Straits Settlements
1942 - 1945
Empire of Japan
1945 - 1946
British Military Administration of Malaya
1946 - 1948
Malayan Union
1948 - 1963
Federation of Malaya
1963 - Now
Malaysia
Kuwait City
1613 - 1919
Ottoman Empire
1670 - 1752
Bani Khalid Emirate
1752 - 1871
Sheikhdom of Kuwait
1899 - 1913
British Empire
1919 - 1961
Sheikhdom of Kuwait (Protectorate)
1961 - 1990
State of Kuwait
1990 - 1990
Republic of Kuwait
1990 - 1991
Kuwait Governorate (Ba'athist Iraq)
1991 - Now
Kuwait
Kyiv
1471 - 1648
Kiev Voivodeship
1648 - 1667
Cossack Hetmanate
1667 - 1721
Tsardom of Russia
1721 - 1917
Russian Empire
1917 - 1920
Ukrainian People's Republic
1918 - 1918
Ukrainian State
1919 - 1991
Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
1941 - 1944
Reichskommissariat Ukraine
1991 - Now
Ukraine
La Paz
1438 - 1528
Inca Empire
1528 - 1542
Governorate of New Toledo
1542 - 1825
Viceroyalty of Peru
1776 - 1810
Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
1825 - 1825
Upper Peru
Republic of Bolívar
1825 - 1836
Republic of Bolivia
1836 - 1839
Peru–Bolivian Confederation
1839 - 1879
Republic of Bolivia
1880 - 1899
Republic of Bolivia
1899 - 1920
Republic of Bolivia
1920 - 1936
Republic of Bolivia
1936 - 1952
Republic of Bolivia
1952 - 1964
Republic of Bolivia
1964 - 1982
Republic of Bolivia
1982 - 2010
Republic of Bolivia
2010 - Now
Bolivia
Libreville
1700 - 1927
Kingdom of Orungu
 
1839 - 1958
French Empire
1958 - 1960
Gabonese Republic
1960 - Now
Gabon
Lilongwe
1480 - 1891
Maravi
 
1893 - 1907
British Central Africa Protectorate
1907 - 1964
Nyasaland
1953 - 1964
Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
1964 - 1966
Malawi
1966 - Now
Malawi
Lima
1438 - 1533
Inca Empire
1528 - 1542
Governorate of New Castile
1542 - 1824
Viceroyalty of Peru
1824 - Now
Peru
Lisbon
1471 - 1910
Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves
1815 - 1825
United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves
1910 - 1926
First Portuguese Republic
1926 - 1933
Ditadura Nacional
1933 - 1974
Estado Novo
1974 - 1975
National Salvation Junta
1975 - Now
Portugal
Ljubljana
1364 - 1804
Duchy of Carniola
1804 - 1867
Austrian Empire
1809 - 1814
Illyrian Provinces
1867 - 1918
Cisleithania
1918 - 1918
State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
1918 - 1929
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
1929 - 1941
Kingdom of Yugoslavia
1941 - 1943
Kingdom of Italy
1943 - 1945
Nazi Germany
1945 - 1991
Socialist Republic of Slovenia
1991 - Now
Slovenia
Lomé
1500 - 1884
Togo-Bè Kingdom
 
1884 - 1916
Togoland
1916 - 1960
French Togoland
1960 - Now
Togo
London
927 - 1707
Kingdom of England
1649 - 1660
Commonwealth of England
1653 - 1659
The Protectorate
1707 - 1800
Kingdom of Great Britain
1800 - 1927
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
1927 - Now
United Kingdom
Luanda
1300 - 1671
Kingdom of Ndongo
 
1671 - 1975
Portuguese Angola
1975 - 1992
People's Republic of Angola
1992 - Now
Angola
Lusaka
1600s - 1890
Barotseland
1890 - 1924
British South Africa Company Territories
1924 - 1964
Northern Rhodesia Protectorate
1953 - 1963
Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
1963 - Now
Zambia
Luxembourg
1482 - 1581
Habsburg Netherlands
1581 - 1714
Spanish Netherlands
1714 - 1795
Austrian Netherlands
1790 - 1790
United Belgian States
1795 - 1815
French First Republic
1815 - 1839
United Kingdom of the Netherlands
1839 - Now
Luxembourg
Madrid
1230 - 1715
Crown of Castile
1716 - Now
Kingdom of Spain
1873 - 1874
First Spanish Republic
1931 - 1939
Second Spanish Republic
1939 - 1975
Francoist Spain
Majuro
1884 - 1919
German New Guinea
1919 - 1947
Japanese Mandate for the Governance of the South Seas Islands
1947 - 1979
Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands
1979 - Now
Marshall Islands
Malabo
1474 - 1778
Portuguese Empire
1778 - 1968
Spanish Guinea
1968 - Now
Equatorial Guinea
Malé
1153 - 1968
Sultanate of Maldive Islands
1953 - 1969
Republic of Maldives
1969 - Now
Maldives
Managua
? - 1543
Nicarao / Chorotegas / Chontales
1543 - 1609
Real Audiencia of Guatemala
1609 - 1821
Captaincy General of Guatemala
1822 - 1823
Mexican Empire
1823 - 1838
Federal Republic of Central America
1838 - Now
Nicaragua
Manama
~1450 - 1521
Jabrids
1521 - 1602
Portuguese Empire
1602 - 1717
Safavid Empire
1717 - 1783
Omani Empire
1783 - 1820
Sheikhdom of Bahrain and its Dependencies
1820 - 1971
Trucial States
1971 - 2002
State of Bahrain
2002 - Now
Bahrain
Manila
1500 - 1571
Maynila
 
1571 - 1821
Captaincy General of the Philippines (Viceroyalty of New Spain)
1762 - 1764
Kingdom of Great Britain
1821 - 1898
Captaincy General of the Philippines
1898 - 1902
United States Military Government of the Philippine Islands
1899 - 1899
First Philippine Republic
1902 - 1935
Insular Government of the Philippine Islands
1935 - 1946
Commonwealth of the Philippines
1943 - 1945
Second Philippine Republic
1946 - Now
Philippines
Maputo
1300~ - 1505
Khoisan / Rongas
 
1505 - 1569
Captaincy of Sofala
1569 - 1752
Captaincy of Mozambique and Sofala
1752 - 1836
Captaincy-General of Mozambique, Sofala and Rivers of Sena
1836 - 1891
Province of Mozambique
1891 - 1893
State of Eastern Africa
1893 - 1926
Province of Mozambique
1926 - 1951
Colony of Mozambique
1951 - 1975
Province of Mozambique
1975 - 1990
People's Republic of Mozambique
1990 - Now
Mozambique
Maseru
1822 - 1884
Kingdom of Lesotho
 
1884 - 1966
Basutoland
1966 - Now
Lesotho
Mbabane
1740 - 1906
Kingdom of Swaziland
1906 - 1968
Protectorate of Swaziland
1968 - 2018
Swaziland
2018 - Now
Eswatini
Mexico City
1325 - 1521
Tenochtitlan
1521 - 1821
Viceroyalty of New Spain
1821 - 1823
First Mexican Empire
1823 - 1824
Provisional Government of Mexico
1824 - 1835
First Mexican Republic
1835 - 1846
Centralist Republic of Mexico
1846 - 1863
Second Federal Republic of Mexico
1863 - 1867
Second Mexican Empire
1867 - Now
Mexico
Minsk
1263 - 1569
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
1569 - 1793
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1793 - 1917
Russian Empire
1918 - 1919
Belarusian Democratic Republic
1919 - 1919
Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia
1919 - 1920
Lithuanian–Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
Second Polish Republic
1922 - 1991
Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
1941 - 1944
Nazi Germany
1991 - Now
Belarus
Mogadishu
1250 - 1600s
Ajuran Sultanate
1600s - 1800s
Hiraab Imamate
1889 - 1936
Italian Somaliland
1936 - 1941
Italian East Africa
1941 - 1949
British Military Administration
1950 - 1960
Trust Territory of Somaliland
1960 - 1969
Somali Republic
1969 - 1991
Somali Democratic Republic
1991 - 1997
Interim Government of Somalia
2000 - 2004
Transitional National Government of Somalia
2004 - 2012
Transitional Federal Government of Somalia
2012 - Now
Somalia
Monaco
1297 - Now
Monaco
Monrovia
1822 - 1847
Colony of Liberia
1847 - Now
Liberia
Montevideo
? - 1724
Charrúa
 
1724 - 1814
Spanish Empire
1807 - 1807
British Empire
1814 - 1815
United Provinces of the Río de la Plata
1815 - 1817
Federal League
1817 - 1822
United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves
1822 - 1828
Empire of Brazil
1828 - 1918
Eastern State of Uruguay
1918 - Now
Uruguay
Moroni
1500s - 1886
Bajini / Itsandra / Bambao / Mitsamihuli / Mbajini / Hambuu / Washili / Hamahame / Mbude / Domba
 
1886 - 1912
State of Ngazidja / French Comoros
1912 - 1946
French Madagascar and Comoros
1946 - 1975
Territory of Comoros
1975 - 1978
State of Comoros
1978 - 2001
Federal and Islamic Republic of Comoros
2001 - Now
Comoros
Moscow
1283 - 1547
Principality of Moscow
Moscow
1547 - 1721
Tsardom of Russia
1721 - 1917
Russian Empire
1917 - 1917
Russian Republic
1917 - 1922
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
1922 - 1991
Soviet Union
1991 - Now
Russia
Muscat
749 - 1507
Imamate of Oman
1507 - 1650
Portuguese Empire
1552 - 1588
Ottoman Empire
1650 - 1856
Omani Empire
1856 - 1892
Sultanate of Muscat and Oman
1892 - 1970
Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (British Protectorate)
1970 - Now
Oman
N'Djamena
1380 - 1900
Bornu Empire
1900 - 1960
French Chad
1960 - Now
Chad
Nairobi
? - 1895
Maasai / Akamba / Gĩkũyũ
 
1895 - 1920
East Africa Protectorate
1920 - 1963
Colony and Protectorate of Kenya
1963 - 1964
Kenya
1964 - Now
Kenya
Nassau
500 - 1520
Lucayans
 
1648 - 1706
Colony of the Bahamas
1706 - 1718
Republic of Pirates
1718 - 1973
Colony of the Bahamas
1973 - Now
Bahamas
Naypyidaw
1365 - 1555
Kingdom of Ava
 
1555 - 1599
First Toungoo Empire
1600 - 1752
Restored Toungoo Dynasty
1752 - 1753
Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom
1753 - 1885
Konbaung Empire
1885 - 1937
British Raj
1937 - 1947
Crown Colony of Burma
1942 - 1943
Empire of Japan
1943 - 1945
State of Burma
1948 - 1962
Union of Burma
1962 - 1988
Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma
1988 - 2011
Union of Myanmar
2011 - 2021
Myanmar
2021 - Now
Myanmar / Tatmadaw
New Delhi
1206 - 1526
Delhi Sultanate
1526 - 1760
Mughal Empire
1540 - 1556
Sur Empire
 
1739 - 1739
Afsharid Empire
1760 - 1782
Maratha Empire
1761 - 1764 (1799)
Durrani Empire
1771 - 1782
Mughal Empire / Maratha Empire / British Empire (Mughal Empire leader but with significant control over him by the British and Maratha)
1782 - 1858
British Empire
1858 - 1947
British Raj
1947 - 1950
Union of India
1950 - Now
India
Ngerulmud
? - 1574
Palauans
 
1574 - 1898
Spanish East Indies
1899 - 1919
German New Guinea
1920 - 1947
Japanese Mandate for the Governance of the South Seas Islands
1947 - 1994
Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands
1994 - Now
Palau
Niamey
1340 - 1591
Songhai Empire
1500s - 1900s
Zarma
 
1825 - 1860
Emirate of Say
1902 - 1904
Senegambia and Niger
1904 - 1921
Upper Senegal and Niger
1922 - 1958
Colony of Niger
1958 - 1960
Republic of Niger
1960 - Now
Niger
Nicosia
1489 - 1571
Republic of Venice
1571 - 1912
Ottoman Empire
1912 - 1960
Crown Colony of Cyprus
1960 - Now
Cyprus
Nouakchott
1640 - 1902
Emirate of Trarza
1903 - 1960
Colony of Mauritania
1960 - Now
Mauritania
Nuku'alofa
950 - 1865
Tu'i Tonga Empire
1845 - Now
Tonga
1900 - 1970
Tonga (British Protectorate)
Oslo
1397 - 1523
Kalmar Union
1524 - 1814
Denmark–Norway
1814 - 1814
Kingdom of Norway
1814 - 1905
United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
1905 - 1940
Kingdom of Norway
1940 - 1942
Reichskommissariat Norwegen
1942 - 1945
Quisling Regime
1945 - Now
Norway
Ottawa
? - 1600s
Algonquins / Odawas
 
1600s - 1763
New France
1763 - 1791
Province of Quebec
1791 - 1841
Province of Upper Canada
1841 - 1867
United Province of Canada
1867 - Now
Canada
Ouagadougou
1100/ 1495 - 1896
Wogodogo
 
1896 - 1919
French West Africa
1919 - 1958
French Upper Volta
1958 - 1984
Republic of Upper Volta
1984 - Now
Burkina Faso
Palikir
1100 - 1628
Saudeleur Dynasty
 
1628 - 1885
Nahnmwarki / Pohnpei
1885 - 1898
Spanish East Indies
1898 - 1919
German New Guinea
1919 - 1947
Japanese Mandate for the Governance of the South Seas Islands
1947 - 1979
Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands
1979 - Now
Federated States of Micronesia
Panama City
? - 1528
Ngäbe / Dule
1528 - 1542
Province of Tierra Firme
1542 - 1739
Viceroyalty of Peru
1739 - 1819
Viceroyalty of New Granada
1819 - 1831
Gran Colombia
1831 - 1832
State of New Granada
1852 - 1858
Republic of New Granada
1858 - 1863
Granadine Confederation
1863 - 1886
United States of Colombia
1886 - 1903
Republic of Colombia
1903 - Now
Panama
Paramaribo
3000 BC - 1630
Arawaks / Caribs
 
1630 - 1954
Colony of Surinam
1954 - 1975
Country of Suriname
1975 - Now
Suriname
Paris
987 - 1791
Kingdom of France
1791 - 1792
French Kingdom
1792 - 1804
French Republic
1804 - 1815
First French Empire
1814 - 1830
Kingdom of France
1830 - 1848
July Monarchy
1848 - 1852
French Republic
1852 - 1870
Second French Empire
1870 - 1940
French Republic
1940 - 1944
Military Administration in France
1944 - 1946
Provisional Government of the French Republic
1946 - Now
France
Phnom Penh
1431 - 1845
Kingdom of Cambodia
1845 - 1867
Kingdom of Siam
1863 - 1953
French Protectorate of Cambodia
1945 - 1945
Empire of Japan
1953 - 1970
Kingdom of Cambodia
1970 - 1975
Khmer Republic
1975 - 1979
Democratic Kampuchea
1979 - 1989
People's Republic of Kampuchea
1989 - 1992
State of Cambodia
1992 - 1993
United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia
1993 - Now
Cambodia
Podgorica
1459 - 1878
Ottoman Empire
1878 - 1910
Principality of Montenegro
1910 - 1918
Kingdom of Montenegro
1918 - 1918
Kingdom of Serbia
1918 - 1929
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
1929 - 1943
Kingdom of Yugoslavia
1943 - 1945
Democratic Federal Yugoslavia
1945 - 1992
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
1992 - 2003
Republic of Montenegro
2003 - 2006
Serbia and Montenegro
2006 - Now
Montenegro
Port Louis
1638 - 1710
Dutch Mauritius
1715 - 1810
Isle de France
1810 - 1968
British Mauritius
1968 - 1992
Mauritius
1992 - Now
Mauritius
Port Moresby
? - 1884
Motu / Koitabu
 
1884 - 1906
British New Guinea
1906 - 1949
Territory of Papua
1949 - 1975
Territory of Papua and New Guinea
1975 - Now
Papua New Guinea
Port of Spain
1300 - 1717
Mayoides / Caribs / Arawaks
 
1717 - 1777
Viceroyalty of New Granada
1777 - 1797
Captaincy General of Venezuela
1797 - 1962
British West Indies
1962 - 1976
Trinidad and Tobago
1976 - Now
Trinidad and Tobago
Port Vila
1500s? - 1887
Ni-Vanuatu
 
1887 - 1906
Anglo-French Joint Naval Commission
1889 - 1890
Independent Commune of Franceville
1906 - 1980
New Hebrides Condominium
1980 - Now
Vanuatu
Port-au-Prince
400 BC - 1625
Chiefdom of Jaragua / Taíno
 
1625 - 1804
Colony of Saint-Domingue
1804 - 1806
First Empire of Haiti
1806 - 1849
Republic of Haiti
1849 - 1859
Second Empire of Haiti
1859 - 1957
Republic of Haiti
1957 - 1986
Duvalier Dynasty
1986 - Now
Haiti
Porto-Novo
1400s - 1883
Orílẹ̀ Ọba Ọ̀yọ́ / Àjàṣẹ́ / Hogbonu
 
1883 - 1958
Colony of Dahomey
1958 - 1975
Republic of Dahomey
1975 - 1990
People's Republic of Benin
1990 - Now
Benin
Prague
1198 - 1804
Kingdom of Bohemia
1804 - 1867
Austrian Empire
1867 - 1918
Cisleithania
1918 - 1938
Czechoslovak Republic
1938 - 1939
Czechoslovak Republic
1939 - 1945
Nazi Germany
1945 - 1948
Czechoslovak Republic
1948 - 1960
Czechoslovak Republic
1960 - 1990
Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
1990 - 1992
Czech and Slovak Federative Republic
1993 - Now
Czechia
Praia
1462 - 1587
Portuguese Cabo Verde
1587 - 1951
Portuguese Cabo Verde
1951 - 1975
Overseas Province of Cabo Verde
1975 - 2013
Republic of Cabo Verde
2013 - Now
Cabo Verde
Pretoria
?/1700s - 1820s
AmaHlubi / AmaNdebele
 
1820s - 1838
Matabele
1840 - 1902
Voortrekkers / South African Republic
1877 - 1881
British Empire
1902 - 1910
Transvaal Colony
1910 - 1931
Union of South Africa
1931 - 1961
Union of South Africa
1961 - Now
South Africa
Pristina
1400~ - 1913
Ottoman Empire
1913 - 1918
Kingdom of Serbia
1918 - 1929
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
1929 - 1941
Kingdom of Yugoslavia
1941 - 1944
Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia
1945 - 1945
Democratic Federal Yugoslavia
1945 - 1992
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
1992 - 1999
Republic of Kosova
1999 - 2008
United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo / Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija
2008 - Now
Kosovo
Pyongyang
1392 - 1897
Joseon
1897 - 1910
Korean Empire
1910 - 1945
Japanese Korea
1945 - 1946
People's Republic of Korea
1946 - 1948
Soviet Civil Administration
1946 - 1947
Provisional People's Committee of North Korea
1947 - 1948
People's Committee of North Korea
1948 - Now
North Korea
Quito
1470s - 1528
Incan Empire
1528 - 1542
Governorate of New Toledo
1542 - 1717
Viceroyalty of Peru
1717 - 1822
Viceroyalty of New Granada
1822 - 1830
Gran Colombia
1830 - 1835
State of Ecuador
1835 - 1859
Republic of Ecuador
1859 - 1895
Republic of Ecuador
1895 - 1925
Republic of Ecuador
1925 - 1944
Republic of Ecuador
1944 - Now
Ecuador
Rabat
1472 - 1510
Wattasid Dynasty
1510 - 1627
Saadi Sultanate
1627 - 1668
Republic of Salé
1641 - 1661
Zawiya Dila'iya
 
1668 - 1912
Alawi Sultanate
1912 - 1956
French protectorate in Morocco
1956 - Now
Morocco
Reykjavík
1397 - 1536
Kalmar Union
1536 - 1814
Denmark–Norway
1814 - 1864
Danish Unitary State
1864 - 1918
Kingdom of Denmark
1918 - 1944
Kingdom of Iceland
1944 - Now
Iceland
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