Ento Exam 1

Beeswax/honey, shellac, dye, silk

Escape from old cuticle

Internal tubular element through which air moves

Moving through soil, large forelegs with claws

Can digest polyethelene

No antennae, 4 pairs of legs, 2 body regions/tagmata (cephalothorax, abdomen)

Locomotion section

Secretions to nourish stored sperm

Hair-like/spine cuticular extensions

Swimming legs, often flattened and hairy

Corpora Cardiaca releases this to start molting process by activating prothoracic glands to secrete ecdysone

Produces Juvenile Hormone

Innervates eyes, antennae, and labrum, processes signals that arrive from the body

Seperate waste products to be excreted from nutrients that are returned to "blood"

Typically stimulates molting

Temporary food storage area

Light sensitive cells without optical system

Grasping hair shafts

Form of insect between molts

Ingestion, storage, grinding, transport of food to the next region

The formation of new cuticle and shedding of old cuticle

Primary site for enzyme digestion of food and absorption of nutrients

Labium of proboscis extend and form membranous lobe

Feed on wood

Walking legs, femur and tibia same length

Digestive and reproduction section

Feed on excrement

Old cuticle remnant, exocuticle and epicuticle

Obtain nutrients from decomposing plant/animal biomass

Certain number of molts and then ends at adult stage

Mechanical stimuli, pressurized, sound/touch/vibrations

A cuticular sensory organ, inverted

A rubber-like or elastic protein in some insect cuticle

Brain and series of ganglia joined by paired longitudinal nerve cords interconnected network of nerve cells, information processing, behavavior coordination

Slender and long form hollow needle with two channels and a sheath

Separation of cuticle from epidermis

An aggregation of ommatidium, each acting as a single facet of the eye

Integument of the insect, external, hardened, cuticular skeleton to which muscles are attached internally, barrier against desiccation, provides structure/support, surface for internal muscle attachment, protection from damage and infection, sensory interface with environment

Cross-linked proteins, creating rigid plates, darkens

Glossa

Body cavity between alimentary canal and integument

1. Apolysis

Absorption of water, salts, essential nutrients prior to feces elimination

Sclerotized plate of body wall

2 body regions (cephalothorax, abdomen), 2 pairs antennae, different amounts of leg pairs for different examples

Lower lip

Vision, detects light

Wings develop externally

Elongated maxilae that extends by blood pressure

External opening to tracheal tubes

Produce seminal fluid, spermataphore

The breakdown of food to extract nutrients and other substances for use by cells for energy, growth, or reproduction

Cement layer protects from abrasion, wax layer creates barrier to water movements

Determines the body form/outcome of the molt, inhibits development of adult characteristics

Seizing prey, enlarged forelegs

No metamorphosis, non-insect hexapods and apterygote insects

Innervates mandibles, maxillae, labium

Upper lip

Undifferentiated portion of the procuticle

Stiffening of the cuticle by cross-linkage of protein chains

Protects digestive cells without inhibiting nutrient absorption

Sensory to sample food before ingestion

Chemicals sent from cells in one part of an organism to cells in another part of the same individual

An individual unit of the eye composed of a lens and receptor cell

Wings develop internally

Accessory jaws that assist mandibles in processing food

Centipede: 2 body regions (head, trunk), one pair of antennae, one pair of legs per segment, legs extend laterally

Continue molting, no terminal molt

Specialized body regions

Soft, flexible cuticle without sclerotization

Incomplete metamorphosis

Plate on insect's back

Pumps/pushes food into gut

Relatively abrupt change in body form and physiology between immature and adult stages

Simple eye that detects changes in light intensity

Side plate

Extinct subphylum of Insects

Winged adult insects

Non-winged adult insects

Insect "blood", plasma with water minerals vitamins proteins and other macromolecules, free moving cells, not involved in oxygen transport

Moves food into storage area

Jaws that cut/macerate food

Single layer secretory tissue, produces cuticle layers

Chitin microfibers surrounded by matrix of protein

Stores sperm until needed for egg fertilization

Nitrogen containing polysaccharide, repeating units of monosaccharides to form chains, grouped into bundles, bundles aligned parallel to make sheets, deposited at different angles for strength

Hemolymph fills body cavity, does not travel in veins and arteries

Chemical stimuli, taste/smell

Chewing mouthparts

Running legs, long and slender

Gas exchange, absorbing O2 and expelling CO2

Bottom plate

Pumps hemolymph from thorax and abdomen into head

Fin tubule that connects to respiring tissue

3 pairs of legs, 3 tagmata (head, thorax, abdomen), one pair of antennae

Cuticular plates that grind solid food

Digestive enzymes secreted, absorption of digestion products

Challenge of exoskeleton

Jumping legs, enlarged femur of hindlegs, long femur and tibia

Produce secretions that surround and protect eggs

Procuticle and Epicuticle

Sensory and ingestive body section

Complete metamorphosis

The process of eliminating metabolic waste

Seperates body cavity (hemocoel) from integument