AQA A-level Psychology Paper 1 all the names - Statistics

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This quiz has been taken 105 times
The average score is 14 of 85

Answer Stats

Topic	Hint	Answer	% Correct
Social Influence	Used a bunch of lines to test conformity	Asch (1955)	86%
Social Influence	Another goat who tested conformity by convincing pps they were shocking another "pp" to death.	Milgram	57%
Attachment	IGD, 16 baby rhesus monkeys in cages	Harlow	45%
Attachment	Studied imprinting on goslings	Lorenz (1935)	45%
Attachment	Rejected learning theory, said attachment is innate. Monotropy, critical period, social releasers, IWM, continuity hypothesis	Bowlby	43%
Attachment	Strange Situation Technique (SST)	Ainsworth (1970)	38%
Attachment	Theory of maternal deprivation, critical period of 2.5 years. Supported with study on 44 thieves. 14/44 affectionless psychopaths, 12/14 experienced maternal deprivation before 2. - 2/44 for control	Bowlby	36%
Social Influence	Applied the above and found 21/22 nurses administered a lethal dose on a "doctors" orders.	Hofling	33%
Social Influence	Study uses maths problems to support the above	Lucas et al. (2000)	33%
Attachment	Stages of attachment, Glasgow, 60 babies, working class mothers, longitudinal	Schaffer & Emerson (1964)	33%
Attachment	Controlled observation for interactional synchrony. Adult did 1 of 3 faces or a hand gesture. Child had dummy in mouth then removed	Meltzoff & Moore (1983)	31%
Memory	reviewed research, concluded STM capacity was 7±2. Stated chunking info together allows us to remember more	Miller (1956)	31%
Social Influence	172 pps (female, American), groups of 6 (2 confederates) shown 36 different blue slides. Confederates either said all were green or 24 were green.	Moscovici (1969)	31%
Social Influence	Identified "authoritarian personality" and developed California F-scale, used on 2000 middle-class Americans.	Adorno et al. (1950)	29%
Social Influence	Supported Legitimacy of Authority - obedience 76% when uniform present, 30% regular clothes	Bickman	29%
Memory	Sea divers (Land/Water) - 1:learn L, recall L 2:lean L, recall W 3: learn W, recall L 4:learn W, recall W. Matched conditions = 40% higher recall	Godden & Baddeley	29%
Psychopathology	Cognitive theory of depression, including: faulty information processing, negative self schema, negative triad	Beck	26%
Memory	Assessed capacity of STM using digit span technique - giving pps string of digits then immediate recall. Continue adding digits until they fail. Mean span for digits was 9.3, letters was 7.3	Jacobs (1887)	26%
Psychopathology	Criteria for someone with ideal mental health. High self-esteem, self-actualisation, independent, resistance to stress, environmental mastery, accurate perception of reality	Marie Jahoda (1958)	26%
Memory	Gave pps 1 of 4 word lists. words were either acoustically similar/dissimilar or semantically similar/dissimilar. either recalled immediately or after 20 mins. STM coded acoustically, LTM coded semantically	Baddeley (1966)	24%
Psychopathology	ABC model	Ellis	24%
Psychopathology	Rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT) - ABCDE model. D-dispute, E-effect. Shame attacking	Ellis	24%
Memory	Studied leading questions. 45 students shown 7 films of car crashes, given questionnaire asked speed of car with "contacted", "hit", "bumped", "collided", "smashed"	Loftus & Palmer (1974)	24%
Memory	24 pps (male and female psychology undergrads), each did 18 trials. Each trial pp given trigram and 3 digit number, counted back in 3s. Each trial different retention interval: 3,6,9,12,15,18 secs. 90% recalled trigram with 3 sec, 2% with 18 sec. Duration of STM is 12-18 secs without rehearsal	Peterson & Peterson (1959)	24%
Social Influence	The goat in the picture for the quiz	Zimbardo et al. (1973)	24%
Memory	Came up with multi store model of memory (MSM). Assumes sensory memory (SM), STM and LTM are unitary, with info passing linearly.	Atkinson & Shiffrin (1968)	21%
Memory	Asked rugby players to recall names of teams played. Players recall was better 3 weeks ago if they hadn't played any games since. Shows retroactive interference	Baddeley & Hitch	21%
Memory	Came up with working memory model (WMM) suggesting STM isn't unitary. Has central executive, phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, episodic buffer	Baddeley & Hitch (1974)	21%
Memory	392 American ex-high school students aged 17-74. Photo recognition test = 90% accuracy after 15 years, 70% after 48. Free recall = 60% after 15 years, 30% after 48. LTM Almost infinite capacity & duration, needs cues	Bahrick et al (1975)	21%
Attachment	longitudinal study from infant to teen, found infant attachment with mother was related to adolescent attachment, but not father	Grossman (2002)	19%
Memory	Studied anxiety, pps sat in "waiting room". Low anxiety group heard argument in next room, man left room holding pen with oil on hand. High anxiety group heard argument + breaking glass, man left with knife and blood. 49% low anxiety identified him, only 33% high anxiety.	Johnson & Scott (1976)	19%
Memory	Subject of a case study with amnesia. Couldn't remember anything within 30s, but can remember things from before amnesia, like his wife and piano	Clive Wearing	17%
Memory	Studied post-event discussion, each pp watched video of crime from different POV, then asked to discuss with pair, then do recall test. 71% of pps claimed to see something they didn't.	Gabbert et al. (2003)	17%
Attachment	"The Love Quiz" supports IWM and continuity hypothesis. 620 pps replied to newspaper to do quiz. 56% secure, 25% insecure-avoidant, 19% insecure-resistant	Hazan & Shaver (1987)	17%
Attachment	English & Romanian adoptee (ERA) study. 165R orphans adopted in E, physical, cognitive, emotional development tested at 4,6,11,15.	Rutter et al. (2011)	17%
Memory	Encoding specificity principle (ESP) - context/state dependent cues	Tulving	17%
Psychopathology	CBT. 5-20 sessions, 30-60 mins long, weekly/fortnightly. 1.Identify severity, 2.Establish baseline, 3.client is asked how perceive self, future and world, 4.reality testing, 5.replace irrational with rational	Beck	14%
Social Influence	Support for LOC, repeated shock study - high internal LOC less likely to do highest shock, only 23% high external LOC resisted obedience	Holland	14%
Psychopathology	Studied role of genetics in OCD. 37% of his patients had parent with OCD, 21% had sibling with OCD	Lewis (1936)	14%
Social Influence	Supported F-scale, used it on fully obedient pps from shock study	Milgram & Elms (1966)	14%
Psychopathology	Two process theory. Phobias learned by classical conditioning, maintained through operant	Mowrer (1960)	14%
Memory	A case study on patient KF who could recall verbal, but not visual info immediately after presentation, suggesting multiple STM stores	Shallice & Warrington (1974)	14%
Social Influence	Also applied the above and found 54% male and 100% female gave what they thought was a real lethal shock to a puppy	Sheridan & King (1972)	14%
Attachment	Supports IWM, 99 mothers with 1y/o babies. Through interviews and observations found mothers with poor attachment to own mother, had poor attachment with their babies.	Bailey et al.	12%
Social Influence	Suggested 2 process theory of NSI and ISI	Deutch & Gerard (1995)	12%
Social Influence	Repeated the study above in UK and found only 1/396 conformed	Perrin & Spencer (1980)	12%
Attachment	Meta-analysis of 32 studies in 8 countries with nearly 2000 assessments using SST.	Van Ijzendoorn & Kroonenberg (1988)	12%
Attachment	suggested learning theory of attachment using classical and operant conditioning	Dollard & Miller (1950)	10%
Attachment	Stated reciprocity increases in frequency as infant and caregiver pay increasing attention to verbal/facial signals	Feldman (2007)	10%
Social Influence	Revealed tapes from the goat above showing that pps expressed doubts about the shocks being real.	Perry (2013)	10%
Psychopathology	Showed OCD is polygenic, analysed several studies, found up to 230 genes involved. e.g.SERT gene = lower serotonin, COMT gene = higher dopamine.	Taylor (2013)	10%
Memory	Proposed 3 types of LTM: episodic, semantic, procedural	Tulving (1985)	10%
Attachment	Supports role of father, found PCG fathers behaved the same as PCG mothers	Field et al.	7%
Psychopathology	Shows CBT is effective. 3 groups of depressed patients. 1.CBT, 2.antidepressants, 3.both. 81% of 1 and 2 improved after 36 weeks, 86% for 3.	March et al. (2007)	7%
Social Influence	Believed there were individual differences in NSI	McGhee & Teevan (1967)	7%
Psychopathology	Reviewed 17 studies of use of SSRIs, found they're more effective than placebos in reducing OCD symptoms up to 3 months after treatment. Also found nausea, headaches and insomnia are common side-effects. Tricyclics have hallucinations, irregular heart beat. BZs have aggressiveness, long-term memory impairment.	Soomro et al. (2008)	7%
Psychopathology	Study of Little Albert supports the above	Watson & Rayner (1920)	7%
Social Influence	meta-analysis of similar studies to above and found similar results	Wood et al. (1994)	7%
Attachment	Bucharest Early Intervention Project. Used SST to assess 95 kids aged 12-31 months spent most of life in institution. Control of 50 kids.	Zeanah et al. (2008)	7%
Social Influence	Supported idea of Agentic Shift by showing Milgram research to students who blamed experimenter instead of pps	Blass & Schmitt	5%
Attachment	Supports monotropy being innate. Studied Israeli Kibbutz - kids spend most time with nurses, but still form monotropic bond with mothers	Fox (1977)	5%
Social Influence	Revealed the goat may have exaggerated results stating 1/3 guards were abusive, 1/3 applied rules, 1/3 tried to help	Fromm (1973)	5%
Psychopathology	Study supports systematic desensitisation (SD). 42 patients, one group with SD, other with relaxation therapy without hierarchy. SD showed less fear after 33 months	Gilroy et al. (2003)	5%
Attachment	said SST had low ecological validity due to artificial setting for child	Lamb et al. (1985)	5%
Memory	Studied retroactive interference - got pps to learn words until recall 100%. Then learned new list. Recall of original decreased if words were similar to 2nd list.	McGeoch & McDonald	5%
Attachment	Supports IWM and continuity hypothesis. found secure unlikely involved in bullying, avoidant most likely victims, resistant most likely bullies	Myron-Wilson & Smith (1998)	5%
Memory	Contradicts above. Canadian shop owner shot thief dead, 13 witnesses took part, interviewed 4-5 months after crime. Most stressed pps 85% accurate, least stressed 75%.	Yullie & Cutshall	5%
Psychopathology	Studied OCD patients, over half suffered traumatic events, OCD more severe if suffered more than 1 trauma - diathesis stress model	Cromer et al. (2007)	2%
Attachment	supported above of maternal deprivation causing low IQ. Found adopted/fostered children had higher IQ than those in institution	Goldfarb (1947)	2%
Psychopathology	Supports the above. Assessed 65 women for how vulnerable their thought patterns were before/after birth. More vulnerable, more likely to experience post-natal depression.	Grazioli & Terry (2000)	2%
Psychopathology	Showed OCD patients relapse within a few weeks if meds are stopped.	Maim (2001)	2%
Psychopathology	Proposed some signs of failing to function adequately. No longer conforms to interpersonal rules, experiencing personal distress, irrational or dangerous	Martin & Seligman (1989)	2%
Psychopathology	Reviewed twin studies, found concordance rate of 68% for OCD in Mz twins, 31% in Dz.	Nestadt et al. (2009)	2%
Social Influence	Supports NSI leading to social change. Hung messages on people's doors daily for a month stating people were trying to reduce energy consumption. Other people did the same	Nolan et al. (2008)	2%
Psychopathology	Suggested SD isn't useful for phobias with evolutionary basis	Ohman et al. (1975)	2%
Memory	Discovered SM has modality specific coding, a huge capacity, and a very short duration of about 0.5 seconds	Sperling et al (1960)	2%
Social Influence	Analysed obedience studies over 40 years - data showed people have become more resistant to obedience	Twenge et al. (2004)	2%
Memory	Similar study to above - learn list of words on/off anti-histamine to make drowsy	Carter & Cassady	0%
Psychopathology	Shown that brain circuits involved in decision making are involved in OCD instead of worry circuit. Mixed evidence	Cavedini et al. (2002)	0%
Memory	Argued episodic and semantic are stored together as declarative memory	Cohen & Squire	0%
Memory	Developed cognitive interview. Report everything, reinstatement of original context, reverse the order, changing the perspective	Fisher & Greiselman(1992)	0%
Memory	Police say CI takes too long and often limit eye witness report. Also requires special training - money	Kebbell & Wagstaff	0%
Social Influence	Two studies that repeated Milgram study - one found 16% Australians went to top voltage, second found 85% Germans went to top	Kilburn & Mann (1974) Mantell (1971)	0%
Memory	Meta-analysis of 53 studies found 34% increased accuracy using CI	Koehnken et al. (1999)	0%
Attachment	critcised "critical" period - twin Czech boys isolated from 1.5-7y/o, then looked after by 2 loving adults and recovered completely.	Koluchova (1976)	0%

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