Apheresis to Additive Solutions

Typically, a drop in hematocrit of __ (1) and a fall in platelet count of __ occur after each granulocyte donation.

Typically, a drop in hematocrit of __ and a fall in platelet count of __ (2) occur after each granulocyte donation.

Serum total protein should be at least

If the donor weighs 50 to 80 kg, not more than ____ WB should be removed at one time

If the donor weights more than 80 kg , not more than ___ WB should be removed at one time

FDA guidelines recommend ___ (14.4 L for donors weighing more than 175 pounds) as the maximum allowable plasma volume donated per year

For serial donors, RBC loss must not exceed ____ per week or ____ in an 8-week period

_________________ undergoes no more than one procedure in a 4-week period.

________________ may donate more frequently than 4 weeks but no more than every 48 hours and no more than two donations in a 7-day period

At the start of a serial apheresis program and at 4-month intervals, the donor must be tested for ______ (1) and _________, and __________ must be performed.

At the start of a serial apheresis program and at 4-month intervals, the donor must be tested for ______ and _________(2), and __________ must be performed.

At the start of a serial apheresis program and at 4-month intervals, the donor must be tested for ______ and _________, and __________ (3) must be performed.

When to check or test those 3 laboratory tests?

The platelet count must be at least

Donor taking aspirin, Feldene, or aspirin-containing medications should be deferred for

donors on Plavix (clopidogrel) or Ticlid (ticlopidine) should be deferred for

A routine plateletpheresis procedure typically takes __________________.

Prior to each plateletpheresis procedure, a sample must be collected to determine the donor’s _____

If donor is on their first time plateletpheresis or 4 weeks have already elapsed since the prior donation, is it necessary to determine their platelet count prior?

If no, when?

Each apheresis platelet unit is required to contain at least

If the product contains more than _______ of RBCs, a pilot sample must be attached to the product and used by the transfusing facility to crossmatch the product with the intended recipient.

Platelets obtained by an apheresis procedure provide the equivalent of ________ units of whole blood–derived platelets (random-donor platelets). [2 answers; insert the word "or"]

If the donor is donating repeatedly for a specific patient, repeat testing need only be done every _______.

A platelet donor typically experiences an acute fall in platelet count of _____________ following apheresis donation

Weight female (pounds)

Weight male (pounds)

Height female (feet)

Height male (feet)

Hematocrit female; PUT THE WORD "AT LEAST"

Hematocrit male; PUT THE WORD "AT LEAST"

procedure is discontinued prior to completion and the total RBC loss is less than 200 mL, the donor can donate again within ___________, provided all other donation criteria are met.

If the RBC loss is greater than 200 mL but less than 300 mL, the donor should be deferred for ____________.

If the total RBCs lost is greater than 300 mL, the donor must be deferred for the full __________________

don't know how to phrase this but it says "whole blood / 100 mL or more is not returned"

Atypical therapeutic dose is at least ______________ granulocytes each day for 5 consecutive days.

Typically, a drop in hematocrit of _____ and a fall in platelet count of ______ occur after each granulocyte donation.

A common sedimenting agent that enhances the separation of the white blood cells from the red blood cells during centrifugation

The disadvantage of that sedimenting agent is it is a ______; it expands the donor’s blood volume and remains in the circulation for extended periods of time.

given to the donor prior to the collection procedure; work by pulling the granulocytes from the marginal pool into the general circulation, thus increasing the supply of cells

dosage when prednisone is used

dosage when dexamethasone is used

a recombinant hematopoietic growth factor that can produce ______ times the volumes of cells in each collection compared with other agents; quite well tolerated by the donor. What is this substance? answer with abbreviation

a recombinant hematopoietic growth factor that can produce ______ times the volumes of cells in each collection compared with other agents; quite well tolerated by the donor. (range)

HPCs are also known as

In HPCs collection through leukapheresis, what substance is given to the donors to stimulate the release of more HPCs into the peripheral blood.

Examples of cytokine analogs (2; just use abbreviations)

usual dose of either cytokine analogs

Book: Plasma (frequent)

Book: Plasma (infrequent)

Book: Platelets, single apheresis unit

Book: Platelets, double or triple units

Book: Granulocytes

Book: 2 RBC

Book: 1 RBC and 1 plasma and/or platelet

NVBSP: platelet

NVBSP: single red cell

NVBSP: single red cell + platelets

NVBSP: plasma

selectively remove RBCs, WBCs, or platelets

used to remove plasma when the pathological substance is found in the circulation

Apheresis is a first-line treatment, alone or inconjunction with other therapies. What category?

The optimal role for apheresis has not been established. Treatment should be individualized based on clinical

Apheresis is a second-line treatment, alone or in conjunction with other therapies

Apheresis is reported as either of no benefit or harmful in these conditions. Clinical applications should be undertaken only under an approved research protocol

Most common TA procedure performed

Apheresis is most efficient at removing the substance at the beginning (first portion) of the procedure and least efficient at the end. True or false

Because of the diminishing effect of increased plasma removal, it is recommended that approximately _____ plasma volumes be exchanged per procedure

The preferred method for lowering the platelet count is _____

In therapeutic plateletpheresis, platelet will be decreased by _____

has been used to treat patients with hyperleukocytosis, defined as a WBC or circulating blast count of over _____

Leukostasis is more common in patient with ___ > _____

A single procedure should reduce the WBC count by _____; however, more than one procedure may be necessary due to rapid mobilization of cells from the extravascular compartment.

To achieve an adequate reduction in the WBC count, up to _____ of fluid may be removed, necessitating the use of a replacement fluid.

Erythrocytapheresis is commonly performed in patients with ________

The therapeutic goal is to decrease the level of hemoglobin S to less than ________

When erythrocytapheresis is performed to decrease parasitic load, _______ volume red blood cell exchange is done

most common replacement fluid for TPE

Used for up to one-third of the replacement volume

contains all the constituents of the removed plasma and thus would appear to be the optimal replacement fluid for TPE procedures

Why is FFP associated with allergic reaction?

Where are HPCs found during centrifugation?

How many apheresis collections are usually needed to produce an acceptable “dose" of HPCs

Each HPC collection lasts ____

HPCs express the cell surface glycoprotein

_____ daily injections of GCSF are typically required to mobilize sufficient HPCs for collection

Most common reaction in HPCs

Medical term for numbness or tingling around the mouth

Electrolyte imbalance in citrate toxicity

is the regulatory restriction limit for extracorporeal volume during apheresis to avoid hypovolemic reaction

The patient’s extracorporeal blood volume (ECV) should be less than ___ of the total blood volume (TBV) in order to minimize the risk of hypovolemia.

No. of red blood cells must remain viable at the end of the permitted storage period. This is called?

At least ___ of the red blood cells must remain viable at the end of the permitted storage period

No. of red cells that have been transfused should remain viable for 24 hours. This is called?

At least ____ of the red cells that have been transfused should remain viable for 24 hours.

Shipment of blood must be maintained at a temperature of ___

Ice or other cooling devices ______ physically be in contact with blood unit to prevent hemolysis

Shelf life: ACD, CPD, CP2D

Shelf life: CPDA-1

Shelf life: CPDA-2

Shelf life: Heparin

Acts as anticoagulant, chelates calcium

Provides energy or glucose to RBC (food for cells); Substrate of ATP

Lowers pH thus prevent caramelization

Maintains pH during storage; necessary for maintenance of adequate levels of 2,3-DPG; Increase ATP levels

Production of ATP (Improve RBC survival from 21 to 35 days); increases ADP levels, thereby driving glycolysis towrd synthesis of ATP

used only for priming heart-lung machines

preserving solutions that are added to the RBCs after removal of the plasma with or without platelets.

Additive solutions reduce hematocrits from around ____ (1) to around _____ with a volume of approximately 300 to 400 mL.

Additive solutions reduce hematocrits from around ____ to around _____ (2) with a volume of approximately 300 to 400 mL.

RBCs stored for 42 days in AS-_, -_, -_ demonstrated a mean 24-hour post-infusion survival of greater than 75 percent, the minimum requirement for satisfactory RBC survival

AS-1, -3, -5 contain

AS-1, -5, -7 contain ____ which protects against storage-related hemolysis

AS-3 contains ____which also protects against storage-related hemolysis

Acts as a RBC membrane stabilizer/stabilizing agent