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Hint
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Answer
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Thermal pollution: ___ _____ used as ______ to _______ steam in ______ ______ ______
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Cold water, coolant, condense, turbine power stations
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Water is returned at...
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Higher temperatures
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Optimal temperature
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25-35
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Effects of thermal pollution
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Reduces dissolved oxygen concentration
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Effects of thermal pollution
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Denatures proteins
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Effects of thermal pollution
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Inhibits enzyme action
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Effects of thermal pollution
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Increases metabolic rate
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Effects of thermal pollution
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Increases development of eggs
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Effects of thermal pollution
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Reduces disease resistance
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Effects of thermal pollution
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Non-indigenous species may outcompete
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________ ______ ______ decreases as ________ increases
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Maximum oxygen solubility, temperature
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Increased matabolic rate reduces...
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Surplus energy for growth
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Increased matabolic rate increases...
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Toxin metabolisation
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Controls of thermal pollution
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Cooling towers
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Purpose of cooling towers
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Reduce temperatures
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Purpose of cooling towers
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Increase oxygen
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Cooling towers PT1
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Hot water is sprayed in the bottom
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Cooling towers PT2
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Air absorbs heat and rises
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Cooling towers PT3
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Updraught aids cooling
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Waterfalls increase..
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Aeration
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OIL POLLUTION SAY YAY
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YAY
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Sources of oil pollution
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Waste lubricating oil
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Sources of oil pollution
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Accidental spills
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Sources of oil pollution
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Exploration leaks
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Sources of oil pollution
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Tank washing
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Types of exploration leaks
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Drilling
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Types of exploration leaks
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Borehole lubrication
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Effects of oil pollution
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Toxicity
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Effects of oil pollution (8 words)
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Inhalation covers lung surface and stops oxygen transfer
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Effects of oil pollution (4 words)
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Mollusc and crustacean asphyxiation
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Effects of oil pollution
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Algae cannot photosynthesise
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Effects of oil pollution
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Foodchain effects
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Mating/eating difficulties: ______ odour and _______ effect
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Masking, narcotic
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Effects of oil pollution on birds
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Drowning
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Effects of oil pollution on birds
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Asphyxiation
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Effects of oil pollution on birds
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Hypothermia
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Effects of oil pollution on birds
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Feathers lose insulation
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Effects of oil pollution on birds (7 words)
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Preening birds have less time for young
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Controls - release prevention
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Recycling waste oil
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Controls - release prevention
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Bund walls
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Controls - improved design
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Double hull
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Controls - improved design
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Twin engine
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Controls - improved design
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Separate oil and ballast tanks
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Controls - improved operations
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Proper maintenance
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Controls - improved operations
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Offshore routes
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Controls - improved operations
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GPS navigation
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Controls - improved operations
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Inert gas systems
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Controls - improved operations
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Tank washing
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Controls - improved operations
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Waste water disposal
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Recycling methods
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Chemical reforming
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Recycling methods
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Distillation
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BW design: __ volume, built on _________ _____
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2x, impermeable bases
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Double hulls
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Two hulls with 2m gap
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Twin engines/rudder/tanks: Spare _______ ________ for _________ _______
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Essential equipment, mechanical failures
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Oil/ballast tanks
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Eliminates contamination
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Inert gas system: ______ ______ ____ fill tanks as oil is offloaded
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Cooled exhaust gases
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Tank washing method
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Recirculating oil to remove tar sludge
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Lighter fractions ...
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Evaporate
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Medium fractions are ...
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Digested by bacteria
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Heaviest fractions remain as...
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Tar balls
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Oil pollution is most serious...
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Inshore
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Oil pollution is most serious in ...
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Enclosed bodies of water
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Why it is most serious in these locations (3 words)
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Dispersal is prevented
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Why it is most serious in these locations (3 words)
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Sensitive ecosystems
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Why it is most serious in these locations (3 words)
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Concentrated human activities
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Treatment of oil spills
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Booms
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Treatment of oil spills
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Skimmers
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Treatment of oil spills
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Absorbent materials
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Treatment of oil spills
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Polymerising agents
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Treatment of oil spills
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Detergants
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Treatment of oil spills
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Dispersants
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Treatment of oil spills
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Steam washing
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Treatment of oil spills
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Bioremediation
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Booms: ________ ____ that ______ ________ of floating oil with attached ________ ____ to _____ it
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Inflatable tubes, restrict movement, weighted skirts, retain
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Booms work best where there are no
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Currents
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Skimmers
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Rotating metal discs
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Absorbent materials
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High surface area textiles
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Polymerising agents turn oil into
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Rubber-like materials
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Function of D&D
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Emulsifies oil droplets
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Bioremediation: _______ breaks down __________ to remove _______ _______
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Bacteria, hydrocarbons, residual pollution
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Bioremediation works best with high... (2)
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Oxygen, temperatures
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This is because it increases (4 words)
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Metabolic and reproduction rates
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