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Question or Term
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Answer
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Members of the landed nobility in Prussia
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Junkers
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An uprising of republicans and democrats in Baden in April 1848 which was crushed with the support of Bavarian and Prussian troops
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Hecker Uprising
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That incarnation of a German state otherwise known as the First Reich
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Holy Roman Empire
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A revolution opposing a former one or reversing its results
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Counter-revolution
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A solution to the German Question that would include within the borders of a united Germany, all those provinces of the Austrian Empire with a predominantly German speaking population (though some wished to include the whole Austrian Empire), leaving Austria the dominant German power
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Großdeutschland Solution
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That Grand Duchy which experienced significant unrest in February 1848, with peasants attacking aristocratic property, and citizens forming an assembly demanding liberal reforms (largely granted) and a bill of rights, sparking a chain reaction of similar events in other German states
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Baden
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A large 1813 battle in which principally Russian, Austrian, Prussian, and Swedish forces defeated the French army under Napoleon, leading to the dissolution of the Confederation of the Rhine
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Battle of Leipzig
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The conservative Minister President of Prussia from 1850 to 1858 who believed the best way to avoid revolution was to improve the living conditions of peasants and workers, thus prompting sweeping social reforms
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Baron Otto von Manteuffel (1805 - 1882)
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A very centralised constitution adopted in Austria in March 1849 which allowed for a bicameral parliament and moderate reforms though still under a very powerful monarch, abolished in 1851 by Emperor Franz Joseph I in favour of autocracy
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March Constitution
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A name given to the Frankfurt Parliament due to its high proportion of teachers, professors, lawyers, and those with degrees
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Professor's Parliament
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The number of German states in the Holy Roman Empire at the end of the 18th century?
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Over 300
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An 1840 crisis in which France demanded all that German Confederation territory west of the River Rhine, sparking nationalist fervour amongst German states
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Rhine Crisis
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That body which was often feckless in achieving anything as it required the unanimous approval of its members for decisions to be passed from 1822 onwards
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Federal Convention
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A Marxist analysis of society in which different social classes compete with one another for political control of the state
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Class War
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The King of Prussia from 1861 to 1888 - later Emperor of Germany - who was a devout Protestant and absolutist, appointing a joint liberal and conservative ministry on becoming regent in 1858, though allowing it no significant role in government
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William I (1797 - 1888)
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That social class which particularly resented the restrictions of the political systems in the German states due to their political exclusion, censorship, and the actions of the secret police
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Middle Class
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That word that could best define German liberalism, centred more on constitutional reform, in comparison to that in France, which was much more revolutionary
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Moderate
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A liberal and nationalist German newspaper founded in 1847
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Die Deutsche Zeitung
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That which caused living and working conditions to generally decline due to a massive influx of people from the countryside into urban areas
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Industrialisation
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That ascendant ethnicity within the Austrian Empire that was numerically a minority
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Germans
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