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5. Lithosphere (sans mining) to spec

A Level Environmental Science revision
Quiz by
stwvlker
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Last updated: May 17, 2025
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First submittedMay 16, 2025
Times taken5
Average score87.7%
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Hint
Answer
Industrial materials (2)
Clay, limestone
Construction materials (2)
Gravel, sand
Ore minerals
Metals bonded to minerals
Ore
Rock with high concentration of ore minerals
Ore deposit
Area with high concentration of ores
Stock
All ores
Resource
All known ores
Reverse
All currently economically exploitable ores
Inferred
Presence predicted
Probable
Amount estimated
Proven
Sufficient exploitation
Sedimentary rocks
Weathered remains build up and lithify within water
Igneous rocks
Cooling and crystallisation of magma
Metamorphic: ______ or ______ of ____ ______ due to high pressure or temperatures
Recrystallisation, recalibration, mineral assemblages
Hydrothermal deposition: ______ ______ water circulates around a ___ ______ and ______ minerals
Pressurised superheated, magma intrustion, dissolves
Hydrothermal deposition (precipitation)
Order of solubility
Proterozoic materials
Ancient iron oxide
Proterozoic period
1.8-2.5 billion years ago
Physical sediments
Alluvial deposits
Physical sediments
Evaporites
Physical sediments
Secondary enrichment
Secondary enrichment: ________ leaches metals from _____ rocks. _____ materials are ________ as _____ state changes
Groundwater, surface, insoluble, precipitated, oxygen
Biological sediments
Carbonate rocks
Biological sediments
Fossil fuels
Coal
Terrestrial vegetation
Oil and Gas
Marine organisms
Lasky's Principle: As _______ _____ decreases, quantity of _______ increases ____________
Mineral purity, deposits, exponentially
Mineral exploration techniques
IR spectroscopy
Mineral exploration techniques
Gravimetry
Hint
Answer
Mineral exploration techniques
Magnetometry
Mineral exploration techniques
Seismic surveys
Mineral exploration techniques
Resistivity
Mineral exploration techniques
Triall drilling
Mineral exploration techniques
Chemical analysis
IR spectroscopy measures
Spectral response
Gravimetry device
Gravimeter
Magnetometry device
Magnetometer
How seismic surveys work
Seismic vibrations create echoes in strata
Why sedimentary rocks have lower resistance
High water content
Cradle to Cradle design
Product design to create a closed loop system
Cradle to Cradle: ________ _______ reduces need for ________
Extending lifetime, exploitation
Cradle to Cradle factors
Identification
Cradle to Cradle factors
Separation
Cradle to Cradle materials should be...
Fully recyclable
Cradle to Cradle materials should be...
Naturally biodegradable
Recycling benefits
Mineral conservation
Recycling reduces
Energy use
Recycling reduces
Extraction costs
Recycling reduces
Processing costs
Recycling reduces
Waste
Recycling difficulties
Labour intensive identification
Recycling difficulties
Separation
Recycling difficulties
Quality
Recycling difficulties
Unavoidable waste
Recycling difficulties
Per unit transport cost
Recycling difficulties
Per unit labour cost
Recycling difficulties
Consumer cooperation
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