Edexcel Politics 5. Conservatism and Liberalism

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An American new right conservative who strongly advocated a small, libertarian state focussed only on order and security, governing over an atomist society, built by talented individuals, not ambitious governments

That ideology which views 'natural society' as being based on reason, natural rights such as to life and property, and individualism, which civilised society must embrace to encourage self reliance and prevent society becoming dysfunctional

The oldest branch of conservatism, established under Edmund Burke in response to the French Revolution, which emphasised pragmatism, empiricism, organicism, tradition, and paternalistic hierarchies

Where elites decide what is best for non-elites regardless of the latter's wants

The conservative view that society develops gradually like a plant, the growth of which can often not be predicted or planned

A later classical liberal who advocated social Darwinism as a way to develop a self-sufficient society unencumbered by those incapable of self help whose existence might encourage potentially greater state interference

Those two countries in which the idea of the nation-state differs from that of continental Europeans in that the nation and the state are intertwined rather than the nation being the the basis for the state

Those conservatives who embraced capitalism in the belief that it would increase economic prosperity, allowing for more investment in the police force, courts, and military, thereby enhancing order and security

Those two ideologies which causes one-nation conservatism to further embrace unity, paternalism, welfarism, and a mixed economy after the First World War in alphabetical order

A German Enlightenment philosopher who argued for individualism over collectivism and a rational foundation to morals and ethics

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The individual who viewed humans as naturally individualistic, competitive, and selfish, though also coldly rational, allowing the potential for such issues to be mitigated

That which is considered central to conservatism due to it providing continuity and stability through inheritance and giving people a stake in the maintenance of the existing society

That, the six core principles of which are; individualism, freedom, minimal state interference, rationalism, equality, and liberal democracy

That which the state is often considered to be under liberal ideas

Those two historical events in which liberalism found its roots, in chronological order

A book written by Thomas Hobbes during the English Civil War arguing for an autocratic state to safeguard against the brutality and war of the 'state of nature' which would otherwise arise due to human imperfection

The conservative belief in a society composed of a collection of smaller communities providing people with security while limiting selfishness and individualism

John Rawl's idea that in a just society, people can enjoy as much freedom as possible provided it wasn't exercised at the expense of others, and difference in economic outcome is kept to a minimum

That individual who might have proposed a system of voting in which those with a university education received two votes

That held important within conservatism due to it providing a religious-moral basis for binding individuals and curbing human imperfections