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Question or Term
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Answer
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That which socialists believe should be strong and centralised, while not being dominated by any one individual or group so as to guarantee equality and reduce privilege
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The State
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The process by which most nation-states have come about
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Self-Determination
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That which social democracy believes is undermined by inequality, class or otherwise, requiring welfarism, education, and social justice
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Society
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A form of nationalism that seeks the enlargement of a nation into and across other territories, such as imperialism
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Expansionist Nationalism
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A French ultra-conservative nationalist and nativist who opposed liberal ideology, supporting monarchy, Catholicism, and above all the nation as integral to forming a powerful collective identity
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Charles Maurras (1868 - 1952)
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The two core ideas on which the nationalist view of the state rests in alphabetical order
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Nation-State and Self-Determination
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A term by Johann Herder for the spirit that binds people together, being cultural, historical, intellectual, &c.
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Volksgeist
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A socialist concept of a by-product of capitalism in which people - particularly the proletariat - developed awareness of their position in the class system, leading to class conflict and revolution
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Class Consciousness
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The prime example of geography as a central focus of nationalism
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Zionism
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That which Marxism believes should be based on common ownership of the means of production and property so as to end social conflict
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Economy
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That period during which nationalism arose due to it offering a way of uniting people in political communities and under governments without the institution of monarchy
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Enlightenment
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Where the nation is seen as the most logical way of dividing people into stable political communities, with the nation serving the state
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Rational Nationalism
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That which socialists believe is the basis for social class, requiring central planning and control so that wealth and resources are allocated more equitably
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Economy
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A classical revisionist socialist who emphasised the improvement of living conditions wrought by capitalism in the late 19th century, therefore causing him to promote evolutionary socialism
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Eduard Bernstein (1850 - 1932)
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A form of revisionist socialism that is defined by a view that social justice can be achieved through humanising capitalism
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Social Democracy
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Nationalism within areas formerly under foreign control seeking to unite indistinct peoples into one national identity, often via leadership cults, socialist nationalism, or religion, often Islam
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Post-Colonial Nationalism
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That which nationalism considers to be based on common identity, through which people establish their own systems and value
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Human Nature
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Those two individuals in alphabetical order who disagreed with Karl Marx in that they believed that socialist revolution could arise in economically underdeveloped societies
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Rosa Luxemburg and Vladimir Lenin
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A German conservative nationalist who promoted culture and above all language as the unifier of people into a 'volk', of which each has its own values, opposed to a universal standard as in liberalism
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Johann Gottfried von Herder (1744 - 1803)
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An early democratic socialist who saw capitalism as corrupting, requiring state intervention and trade unionism to overcome it, though via constitutional and reformist means
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Beatrice Webb (1858 - 1943)
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